Spin-polarized fuels are promising for inertial confinement fusion due to the enhanced fusion cross section. One significant concern of spin-polarized inertial confinement fusion is whether the nuclei polarization could survive in the implosions and contribute to ignitions. Here we present numerical simulation methods and results of spin dynamics of polarized deuterium-tritium fuels in strong self-generated magnetic fields during the implosions of dense cylindrical shells. The magnetic field generation and evolution is modeled with generalized Ohm's laws combined with hydrodynamic equations. The spin dynamics is investigated with a particle-tracking method, by solving the spin precession equations of tracked particles. Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities are found to be the main cause of depolarization. Hydrodynamic instabilities lead to depolarization of nuclei near the hot-spot shell interface, and an asymmetric shock front leads to depolarization of nuclei inside a hot spot. Deuterium polarization is more stable than tritium polarization due to its smaller gyromagnetic ratio. Low-mode perturbations can lead to higher depolarization inside a hot spot than high-mode perturbations. In the multimode simulations, the modes around 16-32 are significant for hot-spot depolarization.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.102.043215 | DOI Listing |
Nat Nanotechnol
January 2025
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Spin-orbit torques enable energy-efficient manipulation of magnetization by electric current and hold promise for applications ranging from non-volatile memory to neuromorphic computing. Here we report the discovery of a giant spin-orbit torque induced by anomalous Hall current in ferromagnetic conductors. This anomalous Hall torque is self-generated as it acts on the magnetization of the ferromagnet that engenders the torque.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
December 2024
Creative Research Initiative Center for Nanospace-confined Chemical Reactions (NCCR), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea.
Silica-based nanostructures are among the most utilized materials. However, a persistent challenge is their irreversible agglomeration upon drying and heat treatments, restricting their homogeneous colloidal re-dispersion - a mandatory requirement for diverse bio-applications. We address this bottleneck by developing a self carbo-passivation (SCP) strategy: silica nanoparticles (NPs), pre-included with the catalytic metal precursors and organosilanes undergo thermochemical conversion with highly controlled interior-to-surface segregation of nanometer-scale "carbonaceous skin patches".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
November 2024
Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
Complex macro-scale patterns of brain activity that emerge during periods of wakeful rest provide insight into the organisation of neural function, how these differentiate individuals based on their traits, and the neural basis of different types of self-generated thoughts. Although brain activity during wakeful rest is valuable for understanding important features of human cognition, its unconstrained nature makes it difficult to disentangle neural features related to personality traits from those related to the thoughts occurring at rest. Our study builds on recent perspectives from work on ongoing conscious thought that highlight the interactions between three brain networks - ventral and dorsal attention networks, as well as the default mode network.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
February 2025
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. Electronic address:
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies with low prevention efficiency and high mortality, so prevention and early detection are very important. In this work, we propose a magnetic metal-organic skeleton nanomaterial bound to biological nucleic acid chains in a spatially confined magnetic single-drop microextraction (SDME) system to enhance the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect for fluorescence detection of miRNA-21 associated with lung cancer. DNA/MOF network structure was formed, and loaded with an AIE material, 4',4''',4''''',4'''''''-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl) tetrakis-([1,1-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid) (HETTC), by DNA amplification reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095.
Humans can recognize their whole-body movements even when displayed as dynamic dot patterns. The sparse depiction of whole-body movements, coupled with a lack of visual experience watching ourselves in the world, has long implicated nonvisual mechanisms to self-action recognition. Using general linear modeling and multivariate analyses on human brain imaging data from male and female participants, we aimed to identify the neural systems for this ability.
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