This randomised controlled field study aimed to design a female-specific cycling pad with reduced padding in the crotch area (half-pad) and test its effects on self-reported sensory manifestations in comparison with full-padded cycling bib shorts. Recreational female road cyclists ( = 183) participated (divided into two groups). Self-reported sensory manifestations were collected six times over 12 weeks. Sitting discomfort, wetness perception, thermal, texture sensation, and wear discomfort decreased over time for the crotch and sitting-bones areas in both groups. Irritation and tenderness in the crotch area also decreased over time in both groups. Irritation and tenderness in the sitting-bones area were only higher at week two in the half-pad compared with the full-pad group. Cycling with the half-padded shorts compared with the full-padded ones had no negative effects on sensory manifestations beside the observed transient change at week two. This suggests that foam thickness in the crotch area can be reduced in female-specific cycling pads. Road cycling might result in discomfort and non-traumatic injuries in the female genital area. This field study compares two different cycling pads; a half-pad and a full-pad, over a 12-week period among female recreational road cyclists. Reducing the foam thickness in the crotch area of the pad does not change sensory manifestations, i.e. discomfort, wetness perception, texture-, and thermal-sensation as well as wear discomfort. CS-Q: online Cycling bib Shorts Questionnaire; VADER: Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2020.1853819 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.
Cognition relies on transforming sensory inputs into a generalizable understanding of the world. Mirror neurons have been proposed to underlie this process, mapping visual representations of others' actions and sensations onto neurons that mediate our own, providing a conduit for understanding. However, this theory has limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Family Med Prim Care
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
Purpose: To determine the clinical pattern and burden of strabismus in a teaching institute of Northeast (NE) India.
Methods: In this hospital-based, cross-sectional study, detailed clinical evaluation of patients with manifest strabismus was carried out for a period of one and half years.
Results: Out of the 7222 new outpatient department attendances, a total of 110 new patients with manifest strabismus were found, with a hospital-based burden of 1.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Background: The COVID‐19 pandemic is a public health crisis, and its lasting consequences are not yet fully understood. Epidemiological data suggest that low‐ and middle‐income countries, such as Brazil, will bear a considerable burden of COVID‐19‐related comorbidities. Individuals who have survived COVID‐19 often report persistent symptoms, including neurological manifestations such as brain fog.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
Background: The neural basis of memory aging remains elusive. The default mode network (DMN) supports memory encoding and retrieval, and its connectivity decreases in aging. Young adults with larger differences in resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) between higher‐order DMN and lower‐order sensory/motor network (SMN) have better cognition and memory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
Background: Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s pathology manifests in sensory association areas well before appearing in neural regions involved in higher‐order cognitive functions, such as memory. The ability to successfully integrate sensory information across multiple sensory modalities is a vital aspect of everyday functioning and mobility. Our research suggests that multisensory integration, specifically visual‐somatosensory integration (VSI), could be used as a novel marker for preclinical AD given previously reported associations with important motor (balance, gait, and falls) and cognitive (attention) outcomes in aging.
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