AI Article Synopsis

  • During gastrulation in mammals, germ layers develop into a structured body plan while supporting layers help sustain the embryo.
  • Human embryonic stem cells differentiate into gastruloids when exposed to BMP4 on special micro-discs, showing various germ layer markers arranged radially.
  • By using advanced RNA sequencing and comparing with embryonic samples from different species, the study reveals that gastruloids consist of cells similar to key developmental structures, demonstrating important primate embryogenesis features and how these cells behave in groups.

Article Abstract

During mammalian gastrulation, germ layers arise and are shaped into the body plan while extraembryonic layers sustain the embryo. Human embryonic stem cells, cultured with BMP4 on extracellular matrix micro-discs, reproducibly differentiate into gastruloids, expressing markers of germ layers and extraembryonic cells in radial arrangement. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and cross-species comparisons with mouse, cynomolgus monkey gastrulae, and post-implantation human embryos, we reveal that gastruloids contain cells transcriptionally similar to epiblast, ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, primordial germ cells, trophectoderm, and amnion. Upon gastruloid dissociation, single cells reseeded onto micro-discs were motile and aggregated with the same but segregated from distinct cell types. Ectodermal cells segregated from endodermal and extraembryonic but mixed with mesodermal cells. Our work demonstrates that the gastruloid system models primate-specific features of embryogenesis, and that gastruloid cells exhibit evolutionarily conserved sorting behaviors. This work generates a resource for transcriptomes of human extraembryonic and embryonic germ layers differentiated in a stereotyped arrangement.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7728446PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.59445DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

germ layers
12
cells
9
high-resolution transcriptional
4
transcriptional morphogenetic
4
morphogenetic profiling
4
profiling cells
4
cells micropatterned
4
human
4
micropatterned human
4
human esc
4

Similar Publications

Cloaca is an ultra-rare severe anorectal malformation in females where the gastrointestinal, genital, and urologic systems converge. Posterior Cloaca (Type B) is an extremely rare specific variant, where the urogenital sinus opens just anterior to the anus. NCHi027-A is an iPSC line derived from skin fibroblasts of a 4 year and 8-month-old female with Posterior Cloaca (Type B) using Sendai Virus reprogramming.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2), caused by mutations in the KCNH2 gene, is an inherited ion channel disorder associated with sudden death in adolescents. In this study, we generated a patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line XXMUFAi001-A using non-integrative Sendai reprogramming technology from an individual carrying a heterozygous point mutation (c.2690 A>C) in KCNH2.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Early sea urchin embryos contain cells called micromeres, which play an important role in the formation of three mesodermal cell types: skeletogenic, blastocoelar and pigment cells. When micromeres are removed, the embryo can replace the skeletogenic and blastocoelar cells via a process called 'transfating', whereby other cells in the embryo step in to take on new roles. However, the pigment cells do not reappear, and the reasons for this are unclear.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Inclusive, exclusive and hierarchical atlas of NFATc1/PDGFR-α cells in dental and periodontal mesenchyme.

Elife

December 2024

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-α) activity is crucial in the process of dental and periodontal mesenchyme regeneration facilitated by autologous platelet concentrates (APCs), such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and concentrated growth factors (CGF), as well as by recombinant PDGF drugs. However, it is largely unclear about the physiological patterns and cellular fate determinations of PDGFR-α cells in the homeostasis maintaining of adult dental and periodontal mesenchyme. We previously identified NFATc1 expressing PDGFR-α cells as a subtype of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in limb bone in mice, but their roles in dental and periodontal remain unexplored.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Uterine teratomas are a rare entity with a debated origin. Given its rarity and limitations of diagnostic imaging, diagnosis is typically determined pathologically following surgical resection based on the presence of tissue derived from all germ cell layers. Unlike its ovarian counterpart, the developmental origins are poorly understood; however, recently introduced molecular testing has revolutionized our understanding of these rare tumors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: