This study investigates the effect of a network of general trust on the willingness to communicate in English among Japanese people. Previous studies have shown that general trust positively affects the willingness to communicate in English for Japanese people. However, the network structure of general trust and its effects have not yet been revealed. The present study conducted a network analysis with 761 Japanese university students and 601 Japanese social survey participants, for 1362 participants total. Four variables regarding general trust positively affected the willingness to communicate in English for all participants, whereas one variable had a negative effect if each network was estimated for only university students or social survey participants. Centrality indices, such as node strength, closeness, and expected influence, revealed the centrality of several variables in the network of all participants. Bootstrapping methods showed the trustworthiness of the estimated edges and centrality indices. Contrary to the regression analysis, the network analysis can help us understand the profound effect of general trust on the willingness to communicate in a second language, which will prove useful for intervention studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77108-9 | DOI Listing |
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January 2025
Department of Computer Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGWS) is a syndrome for which pathogenesis and management remain debated. It is described as a condition characterized by gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms rapidly occurring after gluten ingestion in subjects who have had celiac disease or wheat allergy excluded. To date, the diagnosis of NCGWS is challenging as no universally recognized biomarkers have been yet identified, nor has a predisposing genetic profile been described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
January 2025
School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
This article presents a systematic review on blockchain-facilitated cybersecurity solutions for Internet of Things (IoT) devices in space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN). First, we identify the objectives and the context of the blockchain-based solutions for SAGIN. Although, typically, the blockchain is primarily used to enhance the trustworthiness of some systems or operations, it is necessary to document exactly in what context the blockchain is used that is specific to the IoT and SAGIN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
IEEE 802.11 is one of the most common medium access control (MAC) protocols used in wireless networks. The carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanisms in 802.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Henri Dunantstraat 5, 6419 PC Heerlen, The Netherlands.
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