Rapid simultaneous determination of gut microbial phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolites in rat serum, urine, and faeces using LC-MS/MS and its application to a type 2 diabetes mellitus study. | LitMetric
Gut microbial phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolites are closely linked to various diseases. Monitoring the alterations of the related metabolites is vital to facilitate the understanding of pathophysiology of diseases. Herein, a rapid and sensitive assay based on LC-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed to analyze 20 gut microbial metabolites derived from phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan in rat serum, urine, and faeces. These microbial-derived metabolites were separated on a phenyl-hexyl column and simultaneously determined in a single run of 8 min. The detection limit for analytes ranged between 1.08 and 32.4 ng/mL. All calibration curves exhibited good linear relationships (R ≥ 0.9982). Intra- and inter-assay precision values were below 15% and accuracies ranged from 85% to 115% for all analytes. The selectivity, matrix effect, and recovery of this method were all satisfactory. The validated method was successfully applied to characterize the alterations of these metabolites in type 2 diabetes mellitus rat. In general, the developed assay is suitable for high-throughput monitoring of gut microbial phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolites and provides a useful approach for exploring the mechanisms of microbial-derived metabolites in diseases.
This study evaluated the impact of vaccine diluents (peptone or water) on the protective effects of Typhimurium (. Typhimurium) vaccine. Vaccinated broilers were challenged with different doses of wild-type .
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. Electronic address:
Humans are exposed to a wide variety of small molecules with antioxidant properties that are poorly metabolized by mammalian cells. However, gastrointestinal microbes encode enzymes that convert these redox-active molecules into nutrient sources and electron acceptors to support bacterial growth in the gut. Here, we describe recent studies highlighting how microbial metabolism of host-derived antioxidants modulates interspecies interactions and provide an overview of the interdisciplinary approaches being used to map these metabolic pathways in vivo.
This review explores the bidirectional relationship between the human microbiome and SARS-CoV-2 infection, elucidating its implications for COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and therapeutic strategies. Metagenomic analyses reveal notable alterations in microbiome composition associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, impacting disease severity and clinical outcomes. Dysbiosis within the respiratory, gastrointestinal, oral, and skin microbiomes exacerbates COVID-19 pathology through immune dysregulation and inflammatory pathways.
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
This study examined the effects of on the growth performance, innate immunity, and gut microbiota of under different water temperature conditions. Feeding regimens included a 20% fishmeal diet (control), a low-fish meal (LFM) diet with 10% fishmeal and an LFM diet supplemented with 0.03% .
Glycoconjugates are present on microbial surfaces and play critical roles in modulating interactions with the environment and the host. Extensive research on microbial glycans, including elucidating the structural diversity of the glycan moieties of glycoconjugates and polysaccharides, has been carried out to investigate the function of glycans in modulating the interactions between the host and microbes, to explore their potential applications in the therapeutic targeting of pathogenic species, and in the use as probiotics in gut microbiomes. However, glycan-related information is dispersed across numerous databases and a vast amount of literature, which makes it laborious and time-consuming to identify and gather the relevant information about microbial glycosylation.
