Impact of Vein of Marshall Ethanol Infusion on Mitral Isthmus Block: Efficacy and Durability.

Background: Achieving bidirectional mitral isthmus (MI) block using radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) alone is challenging, and MI reconnection is common. Adjunctive vein of Marshall (VOM) ethanol infusion (VOM-Et) can facilitate acute MI block. However, little is known about its long-term success. This study sought to evaluate the impact of adjunctive VOM-Et on MI block achievement and durability compared with RFCA alone.

Methods: Patients undergoing the first attempt of posterior MI ablation were grouped according to their MI block index strategy: adjunctive VOM-Et and RFCA alone. Rates of acute MI block and MI reconnection observed during repeat procedures were compared between the 2 groups.

Results: The VOM-Et group consisted of 152 patients (63.8±9.4 years) undergoing adjunctive VOM-Et for MI block. The RFCA group consisted of 110 patients (60.9±9.2 years) undergoing MI ablation using RFCA alone. Acute MI block was more frequently achieved in the VOM-Et group (98.7% [150/152] versus 63.6% [70/110]; <0.001) with shorter RFCA duration (5.00 [3.00-7.00] versus 19.0 [13.6-22.0] minutes; <0.001). Of the 220 patients with MI block achieved during the index procedure, 81 underwent a repeat procedure during follow-up (VOM-Et group: 23.3% [35/150] versus RFCA group: 65.7% [46/70], respectively; <0.001). A significantly greater number of patients exhibited durable MI block in the VOM-Et group (62.9% [22/35] versus 32.6% [15/46], respectively; =0.008).

Conclusions: Beyond facilitating acute MI block, VOM-Et is associated with greater lesion durability as evidenced by higher rates of MI block during repeat procedures.