Purpose: To demonstrate a stronger correlation and agreement of yttrium-90 (Y) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) measurements with explant liver tumor dosing compared with the standard model (SM) for radioembolization.

Materials And Methods: Hepatic VX2 tumors were implanted into New Zealand white rabbits, with growth confirmed by 7 T magnetic resonance imaging. Seventeen VX2 rabbits provided 33 analyzed tumors. Treatment volumes were calculated from manually drawn volumes of interest (VOI) with three-dimensional surface renderings. Radioembolization was performed with glass Y microspheres. PET/CT imaging was completed with scatter and attenuation correction. Three-dimensional ellipsoid VOI were drawn to encompass tumors on fused images. Tumors and livers were then explanted for inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analysis of microsphere content. Y PET/CT and SM measurements were compared with reference standard ICP-OES measurements of tumor dosing with Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analyses for agreement testing with and without adjustment for tumor necrosis.

Results: The median infused activity was 33.3 MBq (range, 5.9-152.9). Tumor dose was significantly correlated with Y PET/CT measurements (r = 0.903, P < .001) and SM estimates (r = 0.607, P < .001). Bland-Altman analyses showed that the SM tended to underestimate the tumor dosing by a mean of -8.5 Gy (CI, -26.3-9.3), and the degree of underestimation increased to a mean of -18.3 Gy (CI, -38.5-1.9) after the adjustment for tumor necrosis.

Conclusions: Y PET/CT estimates were strongly correlated and had better agreement with reference measurements of tumor dosing than SM estimates.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8086791PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvir.2020.09.016DOI Listing

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