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Gut microbiota and metabolome distinctive features in Parkinson disease: Focus on levodopa and levodopa-carbidopa intrajejunal gel. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Recent research indicates that changes in gut microbiota may worsen Parkinson's disease (PD), and the effects of common treatments like levodopa (LD) and levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) on gut health haven't been thoroughly studied.
  • The study analyzed fecal samples from 107 PD patients across different treatment groups to assess how LD and LCIG affected their gut microbiota and metabolome.
  • Findings revealed that LCIG was associated with an increase in certain gut bacteria linked to inflammation, suggesting that both treatments could significantly alter gut microbiota, potentially influencing PD progression.

Article Abstract

Background And Purpose: Recent data suggest that imbalances in the composition of the gut microbiota (GM) could exacerbate the progression of Parkinson disease (PD). The effects of levodopa (LD) have been poorly assessed, and those of LD-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) have not been evaluated so far. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of LD and LCIG, in particular, on the GM and metabolome.

Methods: Fecal DNA samples from 107 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD were analyzed by next-generation sequencing of the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. PD patients were classified in different groups: patients on LCIG (LCIG group, n = 38) and on LD (LD group, n = 46). We also included a group of patients (n = 23) without antiparkinsonian medicaments (Naïve group). Fecal metabolic extracts were evaluated by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

Results: The multivariate analysis showed a significantly higher abundance in the LCIG group of Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia, and Serratia compared to the LD group. Compared to the Naïve group, the univariate analysis showed a reduction of Blautia and Lachnospirae in the LD group. Moreover, an increase of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and a reduction of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, and Blautia was found in the LCIG group. No significant difference was found in the multivariate analysis of these comparisons. The LD group and LCIG group were associated with a metabolic profile linked to gut inflammation.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that LD, and mostly LCIG, might significantly influence the microbiota composition and host/bacteria metabolism, acting as stressors in precipitating a specific inflammatory intestinal microenvironment, potentially related to the PD state and progression.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.14644DOI Listing

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