We quantify the maximum transmission reach for phase-insensitive amplifier (PIA) and phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) links with different modulation formats and show that the maximum transmission reach increase (MTRI) when using PSAs compared to PIAs is enhanced for higher-order modulation formats. The higher-order modulation formats are more susceptible to smaller phase rotations from nonlinearities, and PSAs are efficient in mitigating these smaller phase distortions. Numerical simulations were performed for single- and multi-span PIA and PSA links with single and multiple wavelength channels. We obtain a significant enhancement in the MTRI with PSAs compared to PIAs when using higher-order modulation formats for both the single- and multi-channel systems in single- and multi-span links. We verify the enhancement with a single-span, single-channel system experiment. We also demonstrate, for the first time, a 64-QAM modulation format fiber transmission in phase-sensitively amplified link, with a 13.3-dB maximum allowable span loss increase compared to a phase-insensitively amplified link.
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