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Autochthonous circulation of Saint Louis encephalitis and West Nile viruses in the Province of La Rioja, Argentina. | LitMetric

Autochthonous circulation of Saint Louis encephalitis and West Nile viruses in the Province of La Rioja, Argentina.

Rev Argent Microbiol

Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Biología de la Conservación y Paleobiología (IBiCoPa), Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CENIIT), Universidad Nacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, Argentina. Electronic address:

Published: October 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • St. Louis encephalitis (SLEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are transmitted through Culex mosquitoes and impact wild bird populations in Argentina, particularly in semi-arid regions.
  • A study was conducted in La Rioja Province, capturing 326 wild birds from 41 species to assess their exposure to these viruses through serological analysis.
  • The findings revealed a 3.02% exposure rate for SLEV, 1.89% for WNV, and confirmed for the first time the presence of neutralizing antibodies for these flaviviruses in specific bird species in the area.

Article Abstract

St. Louis encephalitis (SLEV) and West Nile (WNV) arboviruses, which circulate in Argentina, are maintained in enzootic transmission cycles involving Culex mosquitoes (vectors) and birds belonging to orders Passeriformes and Columbiformes (amplifier hosts). The objective of this work was to determine the circulation of both viruses among wild birds in a semiarid ecosystem in the Province of La Rioja through a serologic survey. During spring 2013 and fall 2014, a total of 326 wild birds belonging to 41 species were captured in areas close to the cities of La Rioja and Chilecito, in the Province of La Rioja. While exposure to SLEV and WNV was analyzed in birds' serum through neutralizing antibody detection, viral circulation was estimated through apparent seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies. The exposure of the avian community to viruses was 3.02% for SLEV and 1.89% for WNV, while 1.19% corresponded to coinfections. Our study confirms for the first time the circulation of SLEV and WNV in wild birds in the Province of La Rioja. Moreover, it is the first study to register neutralizing antibodies for flavivirus in the species Leptotila verreauxi (White-tipped Dove) (WNV) and Melanerpes cactorum (White-fronted Woodpecker) (SLEV). These results suggest that in semiarid ecosystems from northwestern Argentina the requirements and conditions for amplification and enzootic maintenance of SLEV and WNV would be present.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2020.09.001DOI Listing

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