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A Systematic Review of the Positive Valence System in Autism Spectrum Disorder. | LitMetric

A Systematic Review of the Positive Valence System in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Neuropsychol Rev

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research Building, Center for Autism Research, 2716 South Street, 5th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.

Published: March 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • This review analyzes existing research on how reward processing differs in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the National Institute of Mental Health's Positive Valence System (PVS) framework.
  • It highlights various aspects of reward processing, such as reward anticipation, learning, and effort, which may relate to social symptoms and restricted behaviors in ASD, although the current literature on these links is limited and inconsistent.
  • The authors propose a developmental model to understand how these reward processes influence early and persistent behaviors in ASD, emphasizing the need for further research to validate this model.

Article Abstract

This review synthesized current literature of behavioral and cognitive studies targeting reward processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Positive Valence System (PVS) domain was used as an overarching framework. The objectives were to determine which component operations of reward processing may be atypical in ASD and consequently postulate a heuristic model of reward processing in ASD that could be evaluated with future research. 34 studies were identified from the Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases and included in the review using guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (also known as PRISMA guidelines). The extant literature suggested potential relationships between social symptoms of ASD and PVS sub-constructs of reward anticipation, probabilistic and reinforcement learning, reward prediction error, reward (probability), delay, and effort as well as between restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs) and PVS-sub constructs of initial response to reward, reward anticipation, reward (probability), delay, and effort. However, these findings are limited by a sparse and mixed literature for some sub-constructs. We put forward a developmentally informed heuristic model that posits how these component reward processes may be implicated in early ASD behaviors as well as later emerging and more intransigent symptoms. Future research is needed to comprehensively evaluate the proposed model.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09459-zDOI Listing

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