Detection of vibrationally excited HCN and HCN in IRC+10216 .

Observations of IRC +10216 with the Yebes 40m telescope between 31 and 50 GHz have revealed more than 150 unidentified lines. Some of them can be grouped into a new series of 26 doublets, harmonically related with integer quantum numbers ranging from =54 to 80. The separation of the doublets increases systematically with , i.e., as expected for a linear species in one of its bending modes. The rotational parameters resulting from the fit to these data are = 290.8844 ± 0.0004 MHz, = 0.88 ± 0.04 Hz, = 0.1463 ± 0.0001 MHz. The rotational constant is very close to that of the ground state of HCN. Ab initio calculations show an excellent agreement between these parameters and those predicted for the lowest energy vibrationally excited state, =1, of HCN. This is the first detection, and complete characterization in space, of vibrationally excited HCN. An energy of 41.5 cm is estimated for the state. In addition, 17 doublets of HCN in the =1 state, for which laboratory spectroscopy is available, have been detected for the first time in IRC+10216. Several doublets of HCN in its =1 state have been also observed. The column density ratio between the ground and the lowest excited vibrational states are ≈127, 9.5, and 1.5 for HCN, HCN, and HCN, respectively. We find that these lowest-lying vibrational states are most probably populated via infrared pumping to vibrationally excited states lying at ≈600 cm. The lowest vibrationally excited states thus need to be taken into account to precisely determine absolute abundances and abundanceratios for long carbon chains. The abundance ratios N(HCN)/N(HCN) and N(HCN)/N(HCN) are 2.4 and 7.7 respectively.