Purpose: Most studies have focused on airway changes after maxillomandibular advancement; however, airway size will change depending on the type, direction, and magnitude of each skeletal movement. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the maxillary and/or mandibular movements on the pharyngeal airway volume and the minimum cross-sectional area using 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography voxel-based superimposition.
Patients And Methods: The investigators designed and implemented a retrospective cohort study composed of patients with dentofacial deformity subjected to orthognathic surgery. The predictor variables were the surgical movements performed at surgery. The primary outcome variables were the pharyngeal airway volume and minimum cross-sectional area measured preoperatively, at 1- and 12-month follow-up. Skeletal and volumetric relapse and stability were recorded as secondary outcomes at 1 and 12 months, respectively. Descriptive, bivariate and correlation analyses were computed. Significance was set at P < .05.
Results: The sample was composed of 103 patients grouped as follows: bimaxillary (53), maxillary (25), or isolated mandible (25). All of the surgical treatments resulted in a significant linear pattern of initial immediate increase of 33.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28.2 to 38.7%; P < .001) in volumetric (nasopharynx [28.7%, CI: 22.7 34.9%; P < .001], oropharynx [36.2%, CI: 29.0 to 43.5%; P < .001], and hypopharynx [31.5%, CI: 25.7 to 37.3%; P < .001]) and minimum cross-sectional area parameters (bimaxillary = 104%, [CI: 87.1 to 122.1%; P < .001], maxillary = 39.5%, [CI: 18.4 to 60.7%; P < .05], and mandible = 65.8%, [CI: 48.1 to 83.6%; P < .05]), followed by a slight downward trend (stabilization) at 12-month follow-up. Airway increase was favored by mandibular advancement (P < .05) and mandibular occlusal plane changes by counterclockwise rotation (P < .05).
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that there is a favorable effect of orthognathic surgery in the upper airway regardless of the surgical approach, with bimaxillary advancement and mandibular occlusal plane changes by counterclockwise rotation being the most significant contributors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2020.10.017 | DOI Listing |
Tech Coloproctol
December 2024
Department of Faculty Surgery No. 2, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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J Vis Exp
December 2024
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University; Mathematical Sciences Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Quantifying the mechanical properties of coronary arterial walls could provide meaningful information for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of coronary artery diseases. Since patient-specific coronary samples are not available for patients requiring continuous monitoring, direct experimental testing of vessel material properties becomes impossible. Current coronary models typically use material parameters from available literature, leading to significant mechanical stress/strain calculation errors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prim Care Community Health
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Lehigh Valley Health Network Family Medicine Residency, Allentown, PA, USA.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Orthop
December 2024
Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction The coracoid process is integral to the functionality of the scapula, serving as a crucial attachment point for several muscles involved in shoulder movement and stability. In pathologies and fractures of the coracoid process, understanding the morphometric variations is essential for devising optimal surgical strategies. Given the substantial lack of relevant data, this study aimed to analyze the morphometric variations in the dimensions of the coracoid process among the Sudanese population and evaluate the differences in the measurements in relation to gender.
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