A redox-neutral C2-selective methylation of heterocyclic -oxides with sulfonium ylides is described herein. This report presents unprecedented findings for the utility of sulfonium ylides as the methylation source of -heterocycles beyond the Corey-Chaykovsky reaction. Intriguingly, pyrrolidine plays a significant role in minimizing the reductive C2-methylation process. This method is characterized by its mild conditions, simplicity, and excellent site selectivity. The applicability of the developed protocol is showcased by the late-stage methylation and sequential transformations of complex drug molecules.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03403 | DOI Listing |
Org Lett
November 2024
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
In this report, we describe a simple method for the synthesis of 2-aryl-2-vinyl-cyclobutanones through the reaction of in situ generated cyclopropanones and cinnamylsulfonium ylides, representing an example of a formal carbene insertion into these three-membered rings. The cyclobutanones thus obtained are ideal substrates for palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions upon enol triflate formation, thereby providing access to densely functionalized cyclobutenes. A mechanistic proposal for the ring-enlargement is presented based on experimental evidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin 300071, China.
The generation of difluorocarbene from difluoromethane bis(sulfonium ylide) through spin-forbidden excitation under irradiation with 450 nm blue light was reported. The formation of difluorocarbene was confirmed by its reaction with styrene derivatives for the generation of difluorocyclopropanation and insertion into RX-H bonds (X = O, S) for the generation of RXCFH. The spin-forbidden excitation mechanism for the formation of difluorocarbene from difluoromethane bis(sulfonium ylide) was supported by spectroscopic and kinetic studies as well as computational chemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Chem Commun (Camb)
July 2024
Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
Pyridyloxy-directed Ir(III)-catalyzed diacylmethylation of protected tyrosines was achieved with alkyl and (hetero)aryl sulfoxonium ylides, furnishing tyrosine-based unnatural amino acids in good yields. Furthermore, the late stage exemplification of the strategy was successfully accomplished in tyrosine-containing dipeptides, tripeptides and tetrapeptides in moderate yields. This methodology is distinguished by its site-selectivity, tolerance of sensitive functional groups, scalability, and retention of the chiral configuration for tyrosine motifs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
May 2024
Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Place Louis Pasteur 1 box L4.01.02, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
A one-carbon homologation of Knoevenagel adducts enabling the insertion of a CHAr fragment is reported. The strategy involves a sulfur ylide mediated cyclopropanation followed by the rearrangement of cyclopropanes and enables the synthesis of a series of benzhydryl derivatives. Mechanistic studies reveal that the cyclopropane rearrangement involves a Lewis acid catalyzed ring-opening followed by the 1,2-migration of an aryl group.
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