Study Objectives: This study aimed to examine psychometric properties of the Disturbing Dream and Nightmare Severity Index (DDNSI) in individuals aged between 18 and 39.

Methods: All participants (n = 674) were asked to complete the DDNSI, including the modified Nightmare Effects Survey. Additionally, 109 participants were tested for test-retest reliability after 3 months. Among our sample, 229 (33.9%) reported having at least 1 nightmare per month.

Results: Internal consistency was evaluated for the total sample (Cronbach's α = .920) and separately for individuals reporting more than once per month (Cronbach's α = .755). Test-retest reliability after 3 months was .705. Convergent validity of the DDNSI with Nightmare Effects Survey was also satisfactory (r = .638, P < .001). Finally, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to explore the construct of the DDNSI, and results indicated that it consisted of 2 factors, nightmare frequency and nightmare distress [χ²(df) = 2.241(1) ∆χ² (∆df) = 155.575(4), Tucker-Lewis incremental fit index = .980, root mean square error of approximation (90% confidence interval) = .074 (0, .208), standardized root-mean-square residual = .011].

Conclusions: The DDNSI is a reliable measure of nightmare severity that can be used in various settings.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927334PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8974DOI Listing

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