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150 Years of the Tetrahedral Carbon: A Toast to Chirality.
Chirality
February 2025
Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
We have recently celebrated the 150th anniversary of the tetrahedral carbon (1874-2024), as postulated by van't Hoff and Le Bel, who published their seminal breakthrough only 2-months apart, on September 5 and November 5, 1874, respectively. The concept is a fundamental pillar of structural chemistry and, if we may say so, of molecular sciences. How two young men in their early careers dared to disturb the established way of thinking constitutes the jumping-off of scientific theories as constructive elements, rather than arguments derived from experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSesquicentenary of the knee jerk reflex: The contributions of Hughlings Jackson, Horsley, and Sherrington.
J Hist Neurosci
January 2025
Honorary Senior Research Fellow, Department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
The knee jerk reflex, emblematic of neurology and central to clinical practice, marks its 150th anniversary in 2025. First introduced to the neurological literature in 1875 through independent reports by Wilhelm Erb and Carl Westphal, this reflex has since evolved from a clinical curiosity to a diagnostic staple, although its initial interpretation was debated. Erb viewed it as a spinal reflex, whereas Westphal questioned its reflex nature, considering mechanical muscle excitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Generalized Phase Rule, the Extended Definition of the Degree of Freedom, the Component Rule and the Seven Independent Non-Compositional State Variables: To the 150th Anniversary of the Phase Rule of Gibbs.
Materials (Basel)
December 2024
Institute of Physical Metallurgy, Metal Forming and Nanotechnology, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary.
The phase rule of Gibbs is one of the basic equations in phase equilibria. Although it has been with us for 150 years, discussions, interpretations and extensions have been published. Here, the following new content is provided: (i).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[An integrative review documenting creativity in the utilization of digital health and artificial intelligence at the Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal].
Sante Ment Que
December 2024
Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Université McGill, Québec, Canada.
Objective Founded in 1873, the Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal (IUSMM) has a captivating history that significantly reflects the evolution of psychiatry over the years. In recent years, the primary sectors of modern medicine have turned to digital health innovations to enhance patient care development. The main objective of this review is to document advancements in digital health within the IUSMM and its affiliated research center over the past 150 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Endocrinology, diabetology and metabolism in the 150 years of the DMW - A long and sustainable relationship].
Dtsch Med Wochenschr
December 2024
The DMW is celebrating its 150th anniversary - and this period is precisely when endocrinology and diabetology evolved from the first experiments to molecular biology, genetic, and bioinformatics research. The DMW has always accompanied this process with numerous important publications, some of which are highlighted in this article.
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