(Rs) is a soil-borne pathogen with a broad host range. This pathogen incites a wide range of disease symptoms. Knowledge regarding its infection process is fragmented, a typical feature for basidiomycetes. In this study, we aimed at identifying potential fungal effectors and their function. From a group of 11 predicted single gene effectors, a rare lipoprotein A (RsRlpA), from a strain attacking sugar beet was analyzed. The gene was highly induced upon early-stage infection of sugar beet seedlings, and heterologous expression in demonstrated involvement in virulence. It was also able to suppress the hypersensitive response (HR) induced by the Avr4/Cf4 complex in transgenic plants and functioned as an active protease inhibitor able to suppress Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) burst. This effector contains a double-psi beta-barrel (DPBB) fold domain, and a conserved serine at position 120 in the DPBB fold domain was found to be crucial for HR suppression. Overall, seems to be capable of inducing an initial biotrophic stage upon infection, suppressing basal immune responses, followed by a switch to necrotrophic growth. However, regulatory mechanisms between the different lifestyles are still unknown.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218070 | DOI Listing |
Vet Res
January 2025
Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic nematode that poses significant public health risks and causes substantial economic losses. Understanding its invasion mechanisms is crucial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
January 2025
Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address:
The host-range mutant of rabbitpox virus (RPXV) with a deletion in the gene encoding the serpin serine protease inhibitor 1 (SPI-1) fails to replicate efficiently in restrictive host cells. Depletion of the host cell serine protease FAM111A restores viral replication in these cells, suggesting that SPI-1 targets FAM111A to facilitate infection. However, direct evidence of SPI-1 inhibiting FAM111A has been lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Zhejiang University-Xinchang Joint Innovation Centre (TianMu Laboratory), Gaochuang Hi-Tech Park, Xinchang, China. Electronic address:
Viral infections trigger inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation. Nevertheless, limited understanding exists regarding how viruses use the active caspase-1 to evade host immune response. Here, we use porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) as a model of coronaviruses (CoVs) to illustrate the intricate regulation of CoVs to combat IFN-I signaling and pyroptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Physiol (Oxf)
February 2025
Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels being a major risk factor. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a critical role in regulating LDL-C levels by promoting the degradation of hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) responsible for clearing LDL-C from the circulation. PCSK9 inhibitors are novel lipid-modifying agents that have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in reducing plasma LDL-C levels and decreasing the incidence of CVD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Food protein-derived antihypertensive peptides have attracted substantial attention as a safer alternative for drugs. The regulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an essential aspect underlying the mechanisms of antihypertensive peptides. Most of the identified antihypertensive peptides exhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory effect.
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