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Human presence shifts the landscape of fear for a free-living mammal.
Ecology
January 2025
Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Humans may play a key role in providing small prey mammals spatial and temporal refuge from predators, but few studies have captured the heterogeneity of these effects across space and time. Global COVID-19 lockdown restrictions offered a unique opportunity to investigate how a sudden change in human presence in a semi-urban park impacted wildlife. Here, we quantify how changes in the spatial distributions of humans and natural predators influenced the landscape of fear for the California ground squirrel (Otospermophilus beecheyi) in a COVID-19 pandemic (2020) and non-COVID (2019) year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe parasubthalamic nucleus: A novel eating center in the brain.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
January 2025
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Tongji Research Institute of Stomatology & Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China. Electronic address:
Eating behavior stands as a fundamental determinant of animal survival and growth, intricately regulated by an amalgamation of internal and external stimuli. Coordinated movements of facial muscles and the mandible orchestrate prey capture and food processing, propelled by the allure of taste and rewarding food properties. Conversely, satiation, pain, aversion, negative emotion or perceived threats can precipitate the cessation or avoidance of eating activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpanding perspectives and understanding relational potential: Are mutually beneficial human-animal relationships compatible with current animal agricultural practices?
Anim Welf
December 2024
Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
Animal agriculture employs approximately one-eighth of world's human population and results in the slaughter of over 160 billion animals annually, representing perhaps the most extensive intertwining of human and animal lives on the planet. In principle, close, intersubjective relationships (involving shared attention and mental states) between humans and the animals in agriculture are possible, though these are infrequently studied and are unlikely to be achieved in farming, given systemic constraints (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Outcomes in a Large Sample of Youth and Adult Patients Receiving Virtual Evidence-Based Treatment for ARFID: A Naturalistic Study.
Int J Eat Disord
January 2025
Research, Equip Health Inc, Carlsbad, USA.
Objective: Treatment outcomes research for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has been limited to small, mixed-age feasibility trials in face-to-face care settings. This study aims to examine clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in a large sample of youth and adult patients receiving virtual multidisciplinary team treatment for ARFID.
Method: The sample included N = 783 patients (532 youth and 251 adults) diagnosed with ARFID.
Assessment of Donkey Welfare at Slaughter in Ghana.
Animals (Basel)
December 2024
Animal Welfare Science and Ethics Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.
Donkey slaughter in West Africa has received limited scientific attention, despite increasing over recent years. This study aimed to explore factors affecting donkey welfare, both ante-mortem and at slaughter, in the Upper East region of Ghana. A total of 134 donkeys at five different slaughter points were assessed using animal-based indicators.
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