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http://dx.doi.org/10.17712/nsj.2020.4.20200073 | DOI Listing |
Intern Med
December 2024
Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan.
Nat Neurosci
December 2024
Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan.
Tau pathology is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. However, the sequence of events and the form of tau that confers toxicity are still unclear, due in large part to the lack of physiological models of tauopathy initiation and progression in which to test hypotheses. We have developed a series of targeted mice expressing frontotemporal-dementia-causing mutations in the humanized MAPT gene to investigate the earliest stages of tauopathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China.
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare progressive neurodegenerative disease with a characteristic pathological feature of eosinophilic hyaluronan inclusions in the nervous system and internal organs. The identification of GGC-repeat expansions in the Notch 2 N-terminal like C (NOTCH2NLC) gene facilitates the accurate diagnosis of NIID. Due to its rareness and high clinical heterogeneity, the diagnosis of NIID is often delayed or missed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Neurol
January 2025
Neuroimmunology Program, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer/CaixaResearch Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; European Reference Networks-RITA. Electronic address:
Background: The usefulness of current diagnostic approaches in children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis is unknown. We aimed to assess the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis in clinical practice and to compare the performance of two international diagnostic algorithms (one intended for patients of any age [general], the other intended for paediatric patients), with particular emphasis on the evaluation of patients with probable antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis because this diagnosis suggests that immunotherapy should be continued or escalated but is difficult to establish.
Methods: We did a prospective cohort study that included all patients (<18 years of age) with suspected autoimmune encephalitis recruited at 40 hospitals in Spain whose physicians provided clinical information every 6 months for 2 years or more.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr
December 2024
Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Instituto do Cérebro, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
Since the description of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) associated with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies (anti-NMDARE) in 2007, more than 12 other clinical syndromes and antibodies have been reported. In this article, we review recent advances in pathophysiology, genetics, diagnosis pitfalls, and clinical phenotypes of AE associated with cell surface antibodies and anti-GAD associated neurological syndromes. Genetic studies reported human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations for anti-LGI1, anti-Caspr2, anti-IgLON5, and anti-GAD.
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