Design and Experiment of Assistive Mechanism for Adjustment of Transrectal Ultrasound Probe.

Transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy is the most commonly used method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. During the operation, the doctor needs to manually adjust the ultrasound probe for repeated adjustments, which is difficult to ensure the efficiency, accuracy, and safety of the operation. This paper presents a passive posture adjusting mechanism of transrectal ultrasound probe. The overall mechanism has 7 degrees of freedom, consisting of a position adjustment module, a posture adjustment module, and an ultrasonic probe rotation and feed module. In order to achieve the centering function, the posture adjustment module is designed based on the double parallelogram. Centering performance is verified based on SimMechanics, and remote center point error of physical prototypes is evaluated. The maximum error of the azimuth remote center point motion and the maximum error of the remote center point motion of the ultrasonic probe are 4 mm and 3.4 mm, respectively, which are less than the anus that can withstand 6 mm. Meanwhile, the analysis of measurement error shows that the random error correlation is weak in different directions, the systematic error confidence intervals of azimuth and elevation angle are less than 2.5 mm, and the maximum relative fixed point error and the maximum relative standard error are 14.73% and 14.98%, respectively. The simulation and testing results have shown the effectiveness and reliability of the propose mechanism.