AI Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed how the accuracy and consistency of baseball pitchers' pitches vary across different age groups: elementary school, junior high, high school, and college students.
- - Results indicated that while pitching precision improved with age, the variability in form (measured by minor axis length of error ellipses) varied significantly, especially in younger pitchers.
- - Notably, younger pitchers showed a strong correlation between the variability of their throwing arm's trajectory and their performance, suggesting greater inconsistency compared to older groups.
Article Abstract
The present study was a cross-sectional comparison of probabilistic structure in the distribution of pitching location among baseball pitchers of various age groups (25 elementary school (ES), 20 junior high school (JH), 15 high school (HS), and 18 college students (CL)). In the results, despite the general age-dependent variations in pitching precision, the difference was reflected not only in error 'size' but also in the 'shape' of error as it was shown by fitting 95% confidence ellipse to the two dimensional distribution of pitch location. While the precision measure as a reflection of trial-by-trial variability of release timing (major axis length of the ellipse) was constant, minor axis length of the ellipse as a reflection of variability in the pitching form of each participant demonstrated significant differences among the groups. In the ES group particularly, the trial-by-trial variability in the trajectory angle of the throwing arm was significantly correlated with the minor axis length; this correlation was far greater than those in older groups. The present study is the first to demonstrate the detailed structure of the variability of pitching location of baseball dependent on age.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2020.1822908 | DOI Listing |
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