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Reconfigurable multifunctional ferrofluid droplet robots. | LitMetric

Reconfigurable multifunctional ferrofluid droplet robots.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany;

Published: November 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • Magnetically actuated miniature soft robots can change shape and move in different ways, making them useful for hard-to-reach areas in the human body for medical procedures.
  • Traditional magnetic soft robots are limited in flexibility and can't fit through very tight spaces, while new ferrofluid droplet robots can navigate through such narrow channels thanks to their liquid nature.
  • These droplet robots can be easily reconfigured and programmed to perform various tasks, like splitting for liquid delivery or working together for tasks like mixing different liquids, expanding their potential uses in fields like bioengineering and medical devices.

Article Abstract

Magnetically actuated miniature soft robots are capable of programmable deformations for multimodal locomotion and manipulation functions, potentially enabling direct access to currently unreachable or difficult-to-access regions inside the human body for minimally invasive medical operations. However, magnetic miniature soft robots are so far mostly based on elastomers, where their limited deformability prevents them from navigating inside clustered and very constrained environments, such as squeezing through narrow crevices much smaller than the robot size. Moreover, their functionalities are currently restricted by their predesigned shapes, which is challenging to be reconfigured in situ in enclosed spaces. Here, we report a method to actuate and control ferrofluid droplets as shape-programmable magnetic miniature soft robots, which can navigate in two dimensions through narrow channels much smaller than their sizes thanks to their liquid properties. By controlling the external magnetic fields spatiotemporally, these droplet robots can also be reconfigured to exhibit multiple functionalities, including on-demand splitting and merging for delivering liquid cargos and morphing into different shapes for efficient and versatile manipulation of delicate objects. In addition, a single-droplet robot can be controlled to split into multiple subdroplets and complete cooperative tasks, such as working as a programmable fluidic-mixing device for addressable and sequential mixing of different liquids. Due to their extreme deformability, in situ reconfigurability and cooperative behavior, the proposed ferrofluid droplet robots could open up a wide range of unprecedented functionalities for lab/organ-on-a-chip, fluidics, bioengineering, and medical device applications.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7668164PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016388117DOI Listing

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