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To improve the prognosis of glioblastoma, innovative radiotherapy regimens are required to augment the effect of tolerable radiation doses while sparing surrounding tissues. In this context, nanoscintillators are emerging radiotherapeutics that down-convert X-rays into photons with energies ranging from UV to near-infrared. During radiotherapy, these scintillating properties amplify radiation-induced damage by UV-C emission or photodynamic effects. Additionally, nanoscintillators that contain high-Z elements are likely to induce another, currently unexplored effect: radiation dose-enhancement. This phenomenon stems from a higher photoelectric absorption of orthovoltage X-rays by high-Z elements compared to tissues, resulting in increased production of tissue-damaging photo- and Auger electrons. In this study, Geant4 simulations reveal that rare-earth composite LaF:Ce nanoscintillators effectively generate photo- and Auger-electrons upon orthovoltage X-rays. 3D spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence microtomography shows that LaF:Ce highly concentrates in microtumors and enhances radiotherapy in an X-ray energy-dependent manner. In an aggressive syngeneic model of orthotopic glioblastoma, intracerebral injection of LaF:Ce is well tolerated and achieves complete tumor remission in 15% of the subjects receiving monochromatic synchrotron radiotherapy. This study provides unequivocal evidence for radiation dose-enhancement by nanoscintillators, eliciting a prominent radiotherapeutic effect. Altogether, nanoscintillators have invaluable properties for enhancing the focal damage of radiotherapy in glioblastoma and other radioresistant cancers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202001675 | DOI Listing |
Arch Biochem Biophys
December 2024
Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt.
Silica shell is considered to be a promising design that enhances nanocomposite stability, cellular internalization, and consequentially therapeutic impacts by overcoming their aggregation under physiological conditions. This study addressed synthesizing silica-layered iron oxide-based nanoparticles (SCINPs) with different shell thicknesses (1-SCINPs, 2-SCINPs, 3-SCINPs, and 4-SCINPs). Also, the impact of shell thickness on the nanoparticle's cellular internalization and the radio-sensitizing effect of prepared nano-formulations were assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Clin Med Phys
November 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Objectives: This study proposes a novel approach, "Low-energy photon Lipiodol-Enhanced Radiotherapy" (LEPERT), for patients with liver cancer. Moreover, we evaluate the dose difference of the conventional treatment planning with 10 MV X-ray beam (MV-plan) and LEPERT.
Methods: The computed tomography (CT) was modeled with the Monte Carlo simulation.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering (IEPE), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D-MAVT), ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.
Nanoparticle radioenhancement offers a promising strategy for augmenting radiotherapy by locally increasing radiation damage to tumor tissue. While past research has predominantly focused on nanomaterials with high atomic numbers, such as Au and HfO, recent work has revealed that their radioenhancement efficacy decreases considerably when using clinically relevant megavoltage X-rays as opposed to the orthovoltage X-rays typically employed in research settings. Here, radiocatalytically active Ti-based nanomaterials for clinical X-ray therapy settings are designed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
October 2024
Department of Medical Physics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Introduction: In the last decade, hybrid linear accelerator magnetic resonance imaging (Linac-MR) devices have evolved into FDA-cleared clinical tools, facilitating magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy (MRgRT). The addition of a magnetic field to radiation therapy has previously demonstrated dosimetric and electron effects regardless of magnetic field orientation.
Purpose: This study uses Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the importance and efficacy of the magnetic field design in mitigating surface dose enhancement in the Aurora-RT, focusing specifically on contaminant electrons, their origin, and energy spectrum.
Adv Mater
December 2024
Université Grenoble-Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Allée des Alpes, La Tronche, 38700, France.
Chemoradiation therapy is on the forefront of pancreatic cancer care, and there is a continued effort to improve its safety and efficacy. Liposomes are widely used to improve chemotherapy safety, and may accurately deliver high-Z element- radiocatalytic nanomaterials to cancer tissues. In this study, the interaction between X-rays and long-circulating nanoliposome formulations loaded with gold nanoclusters is explored in the context of oxaliplatin chemotherapy for desmoplastic pancreatic cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!