The Covid-19 pandemic has precipitated the global race for essential personal protective equipment in delivering critical patient care. This has created a dearth of personal protective equipment availability in some countries, which posed particular harm to frontline healthcare workers' health and safety, with undesirable consequences to public health. Substantial discussions have been devoted to the imperative of providing adequate personal protective equipment to frontline healthcare workers. The specific legal obligations of hospitals towards healthcare workers in the pandemic context have so far escaped important scrutiny. This paper endeavours to examine this overlooked aspect in the light of legal actions brought by frontline healthcare workers against their employers arising from a shortage of personal protective equipment. By analysing the potential legal liabilities of hospitals, the paper sheds light on the interlinked attributes and factors in understanding hospitals' obligations towards healthcare workers and how such duty can be justifiably recalibrated in times of pandemic.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10991-020-09270-z | DOI Listing |
Background: In particular, it is known that those with chronic illnesses experience more serious COVID-19 symptoms, with an increased risk of mortality. Individuals with chronic diseases turn to complementary and alternative medicine to protect themselves from the pandemic and to strengthen their immune systems.
Primary Study Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of the perceived threat of COVID-19 on the use of complementary and alternative medicine by individuals with pre-existing chronic diseases during the pandemic.
Endokrynol Pol
March 2025
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
Introduction: Proven risk factors for thyroid orbitopathy (TO) are thyroid dysfunction, smoking, and high levels of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb), and the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), the receptor for IGF-1 (IGF-1R), and antibodies to the receptor for IGF-1 (IGF-1RAb) are also debated. IGF-1R is overexpressed in fibroblasts and orbital lymphocytes in TO patients. It forms a functional complex and mediates signal transduction through thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Immunol
March 2025
Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Immunosenescence, age-related immune dysregulation, reduces immunity upon vaccinations and infections. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection results in declining naïve (T) and increasing terminally differentiated (T) T cell populations, further aggravating immune aging. Both immunosenescence and CMV have been speculated to hamper the formation of protective T-cell immunity against novel or emerging pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCutan Ocul Toxicol
March 2025
Department of Physics, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Pakistan.
The utilisation of heavy metal-based nanoparticles in cosmetic products has been steadily increasing because of their extraordinary physicochemical properties and benefits. In this thorough review, we will delve into the various types of nanoparticles, such as green nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanoparticles, with a special focus on heavy metal-based nanoparticles. These heavy metal-based nanoparticles exhibit exceptional physical and mechanical properties, making them suitable materials for cosmetic and personal care products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Int
March 2025
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Background: Caregivers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience more parenting stress than do caregivers of children without ADHD. Evidence suggests that ADHD severity is positively associated with parenting stress. In adolescents, ADHD increases the risks of contracting Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and having poor outcomes.
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