Background: Over the last few years, epidemiological studies have shown that infection with has a major effect on micronutrient deficiency as well as on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Importantly, there are gaps in understanding the linkage of infection with micronutrients deficiency in pregnant women.
Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the association between infection and micronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for relevant articles using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus database from inception to March 2020. The OR with 95% CIs was determined by meta-analysis of data extracted from the selected studies.
Results: From 2384 primary articles, 6 studies were selected for systematic reviews and 4 studies distinctively (with 1274 participants: 553 cases and 721 controls) were selected for meta-analysis. The meta-analysed fixed effect model estimated the odds of having infection was not significantly higher among pregnant women with micronutrient deficiencies than those without deficiencies (OR=1.12, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.42, p=0.37). In the subgroup analysis, no correlation was found between infection and vitamin B (OR=0.74, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.21, p=0.22), folate (OR=1.07, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.58, p=0.73), and ferritin (OR=0.81, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.31, p=0.4). However, a positive correlation was found between iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) and infection (OR=16.23, 95% CI 4.19 to 62.93, p<0.0001) during pregnancy.
Conclusion: infection is associated with increased risk of IDA but not with deficiency of other micronutrients in pregnancy.
Prospero Registration Number: CRD42019135683.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2020-000490 | DOI Listing |
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