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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.29099.ddn | DOI Listing |
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Air Quality, Health, and Equity Benefits of Carbon Neutrality and Clean Air Pathways in China.
Environ Sci Technol
August 2024
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
In the pursuit of carbon neutrality, China's 2060 targets have been largely anchored in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, with less emphasis on the consequential benefits for air quality and public health. This study pivots to this critical nexus, exploring how China's carbon neutrality aligns with the World Health Organization's air quality guidelines (WHO AQG) regarding fine particulate matter (PM) exposure. Coupling a technology-rich integrated assessment model, an emission-concentration response surface model, and exposure and health assessment, we find that decarbonization reduces sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen oxides (NO), and PM emissions by more than 90%; reduces nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) by more than 50%; and simultaneously reduces the disparities across regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAttributable mortality of candidemia - Results from the ECMM Candida III multinational European Observational Cohort Study.
J Infect
September 2024
University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Cologne, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Introduction: Despite antifungal advancements, candidaemia still has a high mortality rate of up to 40%. The ECMM Candida III study in Europe investigated the changing epidemiology and outcomes of candidaemia for better understanding and management of these infections.
Methods: In this observational cohort study, participating hospitals enrolled the first ten consecutive adults with blood culture-proven candidemia.
Exceptional-Point Sensors Offer No Fundamental Signal-to-Noise Ratio Enhancement.
Phys Rev Lett
June 2024
LIGO Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Exceptional-point (EP) sensors exhibit a square-root resonant frequency bifurcation in response to external perturbations, making them appear attractive for sensing applications. However, there is an open debate as to whether or not this sensitivity advantage is negated by additional noise in the system. We settle this debate by showing that increased fundamental noises of quantum and thermal origin in EP sensors, and in particular self-excited (or PT-symmetric) EP sensors, negate the sensitivity benefit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProlonged interval to surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Surgeon
June 2024
Dept of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:
Background: Long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT), followed by surgery after an interval of 6-8 weeks, represents standard of care for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Increasing this interval may improve rates of complete pathological response (pCR) and tumour downstaging. We performed a meta-analysis comparing standard (SI, within 8 weeks) versus longer (LI, after 8 weeks) interval from NCRT to surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS), also known as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) emerged in April, 2020. The paediatric comparisons within the RECOVERY trial aimed to assess the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin or corticosteroids compared with usual care on duration of hospital stay for children with PIMS-TS and to compare tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody) or anakinra (anti-IL-1 receptor antagonist) with usual care for those with inflammation refractory to initial treatment.
Methods: We did this randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial in 51 hospitals in the UK.
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