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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30245-4 | DOI Listing |
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Understanding tuberculosis transmission and progression: A prospective cohort study of index cases and close contacts in Moldova.
PLoS One
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the progression rate, risk factors and timeline for the progression from exposure to active tuberculosis (TB) in a high-risk population. Using a prospective cohort in the Republic of Moldova, we investigated pulmonary TB disease progression among close contacts of patients with TB in a low-burden country with high rates of drug-resistant TB.
Methods: Close contacts of patients with newly diagnosed TB were recruited and monitored to evaluate for progression rates to active TB.
The role of AI-enabled health systems in the Jordanian context: the case of digital contact tracing apps.
J Health Organ Manag
December 2024
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an, Jordan.
Purpose: Digital health or digital healthcare, is a broad, multidisciplinary concept that includes concepts from an intersection between technology and healthcare. Digital health applies digital transformation to the healthcare field, incorporating software, hardware and services. The usefulness of digital health technologies such as digital contact tracing apps (CTAs) depends deeply on the acceptance to use them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancing Indoor Epidemiological Surveillance: Integrating Real-Time Object Detection and Spatial Analysis for Precise Contact Rate Analysis and Enhanced Public Health Strategies.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
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Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
In response to escalating concerns about the indoor transmission of respiratory diseases, this study introduces a sophisticated software tool engineered to accurately determine contact rates among individuals in enclosed spaces-essential for public health surveillance and disease transmission mitigation. The tool applies YOLOv8, a cutting-edge deep learning model that enables precise individual detection and real-time tracking from video streams. An innovative feature of this system is its dynamic circular buffer zones, coupled with an advanced 2D projective transformation to accurately overlay video data coordinates onto a digital layout of the physical environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchools of public health as a cornerstone for pandemic preparedness and response: the Africa COVID-19 experience.
Global Health
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Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Background: The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused significant morbidity and mortality in Africa, in addition to other socio-economic consequences. Across the continent, Schools of Public Health (SPHs) played several roles in supporting national, regional, and global response to the pandemic. Following a published and grey literature search, this paper reviews and analyses the contribution of SPHs in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMpox in East Africa: Learning from COVID-19 and Ebola to Strengthen Public Health Responses.
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Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali P.O. Box 7162, Rwanda.
The Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declared mpox a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS) in Africa. African public health systems have moved to mobilize a response against a backdrop of inherent significant challenges. With this commentary, we discuss how lessons from past public health emergencies, particularly COVID-19 and Ebola outbreaks, have prepared the region for improved disease surveillance, rapid response strategies, and effective public health communication and how these lessons can be applied to the mpox response, emphasizing the importance of strong healthcare infrastructure, effective data sharing, community engagement, targeted interventions, and robust contact tracing.
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