Nitrogen (N) fertilization is a routine practice in boreal forests but its effects on fungal functional guilds in Pinus sylvestris forests are still incompletely understood. Sampling is often restricted to the upper organic horizons and based on DNA extracted from mixtures of soil and roots without explicitly analysing different spatial niches. Fungal community structure in soil and roots of an 85-y-old Pinus sylvestris forest was investigated using high throughput sequencing. Fertilized plots had been treated with a single dose of N fertilizer, 15 months prior to sampling. Species richness of fungi colonizing roots was reduced in all horizons by N fertilization. In contrast, species richness of soil fungi in the organic horizon was increased by N fertilization, but unaffected in the mineral horizons. Community composition of fungi colonizing roots differed from that of soil fungi, and both communities were significantly influenced by soil horizon and N. The ectomycorrhizal community composition in both roots and soil was significantly affected by N fertilization but no significant effect was found on saprotrophic fungi. The results highlight the importance of analysing the rhizosphere soil and root compartments separately since the fungal communities in these two niches appear to respond differently to environmental perturbations involving the addition of nitrogen.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142597 | DOI Listing |
BMC Plant Biol
January 2025
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Organic fertilizers are safer and more eco-friendly than chemical fertilizers; hence, organic fertilizers can be used to support sustainable farming. The effects of PGPRs are manifold in agriculture, especially in monoculture crops, where the soil needs to be modified to increase germination, yield, and disease resistance. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PGPRs combined with fertilizer on the yield and productivity of canola.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Microbiol
January 2025
Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, National Laboratory of Biotechnology, Szeged, Hungary.
Despite ongoing antibiotic development, evolution of resistance may render candidate antibiotics ineffective. Here we studied in vitro emergence of resistance to 13 antibiotics introduced after 2017 or currently in development, compared with in-use antibiotics. Laboratory evolution showed that clinically relevant resistance arises within 60 days of antibiotic exposure in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, priority Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Verona 37024, Italy. Electronic address:
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
January 2025
Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address:
Contamination of wheat by the mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by Fusarium fungi, poses significant challenges to the quality of crop yield and food safety. Visible and near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy has emerged as a promising, non-destructive, and efficient tool for detecting mycotoxins in cereal crops and foods. This study aims to utilize vis-NIR spectroscopy, coupled with a feature selection technique and machine learning modelling, to predict and classify DON contamination in wheat kernels and flour.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
January 2025
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China. Electronic address:
Soil biodiversity underpins multiple ecosystem functions and services essential for human well-being. Understanding the determinants of biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships (BEFr) is critical for the conservation and management of soil ecosystems. Community assembly processes determine community diversity and structure.
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