The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of passive and post-exercise heat acclimation strategies through directly heating the skin with a water-perfused suit. Nineteen young males participated in the heat acclimation (HA) protocols for 10 days, which were conducted at an air temperature of 33C with 60%RH. The exercise-only condition (N = 6) conducted 1-h treadmill walking (6 km·h) followed by 1-h rest. The post-exercise passive-heating condition (N = 6) wore the suit (inflow water temperature 44.2C) for 1-h after 1-h walking. The passive-heating condition (N = 7) donned the suit for 2 h. Heat tolerance tests (leg immersion in 42C water for 60 min) were conducted before and after the training to evaluate changes due to the 10-day intervention. Reflecting that suit-wearing for 10 days as both passive and post-exercise HA strategies can effectively induce adaptive changes, significant interaction effects appeared in: increase or decrease in mean skin temperature (P < 0.05) and elevation in whole-body sweat rate (P < 0.05). Reduction in rectal temperature (P < 0.05) and blood pressure (P < 0.05) were found most prominently in the passive-heating condition. These results indicate that this new method of heat acclimation training, donning a skin-heating water-perfused suit, can generate thermoregulatory benefits. The passive HA intervention could be applied to individuals for whom doing exercise regularly are not feasible.
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