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The effects of variable spatial aggregation on lymphatic filariasis transmission.
Parasit Vectors
January 2025
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, 62 Mills Road, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia.
Background: Elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a World Health Organization goal, with several countries at or near prevalence thresholds. Where LF cases remain after mass drug administration, they tend to be spatially clustered, with an overdispersed individual worm burden. Both individual and spatial heterogeneities can cause aggregation of infection; however, few studies have investigated the drivers of heterogeneity and implications for disease elimination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesizing evidence to guide the design and implementation of effective strategies for discontinuing postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical settings: an umbrella review post-WHO 2018 recommendations.
Syst Rev
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Background: Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) involves using antibiotics after surgery to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). However, studies have shown that PAP offers no additional benefits compared to discontinuation after surgical incision closure, prompting its de-implementation to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use that may contribute to antibiotic resistance. We conducted this review to synthesize evidence for guiding the design and implementation of effective strategies for discontinuing PAP practice and optimizing antibiotic use in surgical settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA single-centre randomised controlled trial comparing the standard method and target-controlled infusion as a method of administering cefoxitin, which is used to prevent surgical site infections in colorectal surgical patients: study protocol.
Trials
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Background: Prophylactic parenteral administration of antibiotics is strongly recommended to prevent surgical site infection (SSI). Cefoxitin is mainly administered intravenously in colorectal surgery. The current standard method for administering prophylactic antibiotics in adults is to administer a fixed dose quickly before skin incision.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLosartan May Prevent Clinically Significant Postoperative Fibrosis, But Large Database Studies May Not Provide an Answer.
Arthroscopy
January 2025
Bone & Joint Sports Medicine Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD. Electronic address:
Losartan and other modulators of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) have been used for their anti-fibrotic effects by non-surgeons for decades where suppression of maladaptive scar deposition is helpful, such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Only recently have orthopaedic surgeons begun to explore whether these medications might reduce or prevent post-operative joint stiffness. The relationship between orthopaedic surgeons and fibrosis is a more complicated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbdominal Fascial Plication and the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Abdominoplasty Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Ann Plast Surg
November 2024
From Private Practice, Leawood, Kansas.
Background: Repair of the abdominal fascia at the time of abdominoplasty is a valuable method to improve the contour of the abdomen. However, this maneuver has been linked to an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This review was undertaken to evaluate the evidence.
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