To better understand the combined effects of flow rate and NO concentration on denitrification rate and NO removal efficiency in the low-permeability media, a set of column experiments with different flow rates and injected NO concentrations were conducted. Denitrification processes under these different conditions were simulated using the PHREEQC code that couples the biogeochemical reactions and hydrological transport processes. In these reactive transport models, Monod kinetics were applied to describe the denitrification process. It was found that, among the experiments conducted in this study, the low flow rate (0.023 m/d) resulted in the low denitrification rate but high NO removal efficiency. Meanwhile, NO removal efficiency was the highest (85%) under moderate NO concentration of 1.29 mmol/L, although denitrification rate increased in response to the increase of NO concentration. The model results also indicated that NO removal efficiency of 97% can be achieved with relatively low flow rate and high influent NO concentration. The results in this study provide insights into NO remediation, and the temporal and spatial flow rate, as well as NO concentration distribution, should be pre-evaluated for the effective removal strategies.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103727 | DOI Listing |
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