Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data are now quickly and inexpensively acquired, raising the prospect of creating personalized dietary recommendations based on an individual's genetic variability at multiple SNPs. However, relatively little is known about most specific gene-diet interactions, and many molecular and clinical phenotypes of interest (e.g., body mass index [BMI]) involve multiple genes. In this review, we discuss direct to consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) and the current potential for precision nutrition based on an individual's genetic data. We review important issues such as dietary exposure and genetic architecture addressing the concepts of penetrance, pleiotropy, epistasis, polygenicity, and epigenetics. More specifically, we discuss how they complicate using genotypic data to predict phenotypes as well as response to dietary interventions. Then, several examples (including caffeine sensitivity, alcohol dependence, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity/appetite, cardiovascular, Alzheimer's disease, folate metabolism, long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, and vitamin D metabolism) are provided illustrating how genotypic information could be used to inform nutritional recommendations. We conclude by examining ethical considerations and practical applications for using genetic information to inform dietary choices and the future role genetics may play in adopting changes beyond population-wide healthy eating guidelines.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103118 | DOI Listing |
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol
March 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10028, USA. Electronic address:
The objectives of this minireview are two-fold. The first is to discuss the evolution of opioid analgesia in perioperative medicine in the context of thoracic non-cardiac surgery. Current standard-of-care, aiming to optimize analgesia and limit undesirable side effects, is discussed in the context of multimodal analgesia, specifically enhanced recovery after thoracic surgery pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBest Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol
September 2024
Joan Kirner Women's and Children's Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, Australia. Electronic address:
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for pregnant patients. A significant portion of cardiac morbidity and mortality is preventable and related to poor or delayed recognition of clinical warning signs and oversights in management. The establishment of pregnancy heart teams facilitates multidisciplinary planning to improve management of people with cardiovascular disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfr J Reprod Health
December 2024
Department of Nursing Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nursing Department, Istanbul-Turkey.
This was a randomised controlled study to investigate the effect of web-based breastfeeding education given to primiparous pregnant women on postpartum breastfeeding. The study included a total of 120 primiparous pregnant women, including control group (n:60) and experimental group (n:60). The study was conducted in a district in northern Turkey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEast Mediterr Health J
December 2024
Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.
Background: Lebanon's economic and financial crises have affected the quality-of-life, including food safety and food security.
Aim: To assess food safety knowledge and practices among a sample Lebanese population and the association with the sociodemographic and economic characteristics of participants.
Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data online from 412 Lebanese adults aged ≥ 18 years [mostly female (77.
East Mediterr Health J
December 2024
Department of Radiology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Breast cancer is often thought to occur at a younger age among Arab women based on the mean or median age at diagnosis, or the proportion of women diagnosed with breast cancer at a young age.
Objective: To compare age-specific breast cancer incidence rates among women from selected Arab countries with selected high- and middle-income countries.
Methods: We examined population-based, age-specific, national or regional breast cancer incidence data for 2008-2012 and 2013-2017 from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States of America, and compared them with data from Algeria, Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia.
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