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Biologics and small molecules: the re-evolution in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents. Current state of the art and future perspectives.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
January 2025
Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Napoli, Italy.
Introduction: In recent years, the understanding of atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenetic mechanisms has expanded and now it is recognized that Th2 immune axis dysregulation is pivotal to AD pathogenesis. The advent of biological drugs and small molecules have marked a revolution in the treatment of AD. Dupilumab, targeting IL-4 and IL-13, has been the first to demonstrate efficacy in treating moderate to severe AD by modulating type-2 inflammation pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted dual biologic therapy for erythroderma of unknown etiology guided by high-parameter peripheral blood immunophenotyping.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 419 West Redwood Street, Suite 235, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Erythroderma is a severe and heterogeneous inflammatory skin condition with little guidance on the approach to management in cases of unknown etiology. To guide therapeutic selection, we sought to create an immunophenotyping platform able to identify aberrant cell populations and cytokines in subtypes of erythroderma. We performed high-parameter flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and whole blood of a patient with refractory idiopathic erythroderma, erythrodermic patients with Sézary syndrome and pityriasis rubra pilaris, and healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBaicalein attenuates ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis through the activation of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group a member 1.
Immunol Res
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266033, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Baicalein, one of the major active flavonoids found in Scutellaria baicalensis, has been revealed to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties in allergic airway inflammation. This study aimed to explore the role of baicalein and its relevant mechanism in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). The bioinformatics tools were used to predict the targets of baicalein and AR-related genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSTAT6 deficiency mitigates the severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia by suppressing Th2-inducing cytokines.
Respir Res
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently associated with increased incidence and mortality of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The immune response contributes to pulmonary artery remodeling and OSA-related diseases. The immunologic factors linked to OSA-induced PH are not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe levels of biogenesis of lysosome organelles complex 1 subunit 1 (BLOC1S1) control mitochondrial and endolysosome organelle homeostasis and function. Reduced fidelity of these vacuolar organelles is increasingly being recognized as important in instigating cell-autonomous immune cell activation. We reasoned that exploring the role of BLOC1S1 in CD4 T cells, may further advance our understanding of regulatory events linked to mitochondrial and/or endolysosomal function in adaptive immunity.
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