Effects of denture wearing on coordinated features of jaw and neck muscle activities during chewing in partially edentulous elderly patients.

Purpose: This study was performed to examine how denture wearing improves jaw and neck muscle coordination during chewing in partially edentulous elderly patients.

Methods: Sixteen patients classified as Eichner's index B2 or B3 and 16 young dentate subjects were enrolled. Jaw and neck muscle activities during chewing were recorded using electromyography with and without denture wearing, then analyzed using intermuscular Electromyography (EMG)-EMG transfer and EMG-EMG coherence function analyses to clarify quantitative, temporal, and functional coordination of jaw and neck muscle activities while chewing. Occlusal force and masticatory scores were also determined.

Results: Denture wearing increased the power values for jaw closing muscle activities, and improved occlusal area and force, and masticatory score. Gain values for jaw closing and opening muscle activities were decreased in those wearing dentures compared to those not wearing dentures. Denture wearing resulted in equivalent gain values for jaw closing and opening muscle activities as compared to the young subjects. Coherence values for chewing and non-chewing side neck muscle activities were increased as compared to not denture wearing.

Conclusions: The suitability of denture wearing can be evaluated from the viewpoint of gain as a quantitative parameter showing coordination between jaw closing and opening muscle activities. Such evaluation can be performed from the viewpoint of coherence as a parameter of functional coordination between jaw and neck muscle activities during chewing in partially edentulous elderly patients. The gain parameter in regard to jaw muscle activities may be compensated to a state equivalent to that seen in young subjects by wearing an appropriate denture.