Brain metastases (BM) are the most common intracranial neoplasm and represent a major clinical challenge across many medical disciplines. The incidence of BM is increasing, largely due to improvements in primary disease therapeutics conferring greater systemic control, and advancements in neuroimaging techniques and availability leading to earlier diagnosis. In recent years, the landscape of BM treatment has changed significantly with the advent of personalized targeted chemotherapies and immunotherapy, the adoption of focal radiotherapy (RT) for higher intracranial disease burden, and the implementation of new surgical strategies. The increasing permutations of options available for the treatment of patients diagnosed with BM necessitate coordinated care by a multidisciplinary team. This review discusses the current treatment regimens for BM as well as examines the salient features of a modern multidisciplinary approach.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2020.224 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Pathology, The Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
In previous work we discovered that T lymphocytes play a prominent role in the rise of brain metastases of ER-negative breast cancers. In the present study we explored how T lymphocytes promote breast cancer cell penetration through the blood brain barrier (BBB). An in vitro BBB model was employed to study the effects of T lymphocytes on BBB trespassing capacity of three different breast carcinoma cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPituitary
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Purpose: Studies focused on the effects of sellar and/or perisellar (S/PS) meningiomas on pituitary function are scarce. The primary objective of the present study was to determinate the effects that S/PS meningiomas and their treatments have on pituitary function. Also, we described the clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of the cohort of adult Spanish patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChilds Nerv Syst
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Purpose: We aimed to present our surgical experience and the impact of a solid or cystic morphology of cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma (cPA) on surgery and the risk for a re-resection.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all children operated at our institution between 2009 and 2023 for cPA. Tumours were categorized into 4 groups: (i) cystic PA without cyst wall enhancement, (ii) cystic PA with cyst wall enhancement, (iii) solid tumour, (iv) and solid tumour with central necrosis.
Trends Cancer
December 2024
Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:
Metastasis is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. Different cancers have their own preferential sites of metastases, a phenomenon termed metastatic organotropism. The mechanisms underlying organotropism are multifactorial and include the generation of a pre-metastatic niche (PMN), metastatic homing, colonization, dormancy, and metastatic outgrowth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Control Release
December 2024
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Electronic address:
Many brain-targeting drug delivery strategies have been reported to permeate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via hijacking receptor-mediated transport. However, these receptor-based strategies could mediate whole-brain BBB crossing due to the wide intracranial expression of target receptors and lead to unwanted accumulation and side effects on healthy brain tissues. Inspired by brain metastatic processes and the selectivity of brain metastatic cancer cells for the inflammatory BBB, a biomimetic nanoparticle was developed by coating drug-loaded core with the inflammatory BBB-seeking erythrocyte-brain metastatic hybrid membrane, which can resist homotypic aggregation and specially bind and permeate the inflammatory BBB for specific drug delivery.
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