Sequence type (ST) 72 methicillin-resistant with staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) type IV (ST72-MRSA-IV) and ST5-MRSA-II are the most significant lineages found in community-associated (CA) and healthcare-associated (HA) environments in Korea, respectively. ST5 HA-MRSA-II tend to display enhanced resistance to host defense-cationic antimicrobial peptides (HD-CAPs) compared to ST72 CA-MRSA-IV and ST72 livestock-associated (LA)-MRSA-IV due to mechanisms involving a higher surface positive charge. Thus, the present study explored the genetic factors contributing to the enhanced HD-CAP resistance phenotype in ST5 MRSA strains. The ST5 HA-MRSA-II strains displayed higher levels of and expression compared to the ST72 CA-/LA-MRSA-IV strains. The increase in expression of and in ST5 HA-MRSA-II strains was correlated with dysregulation of the upstream transcriptional regulator, . However, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within and ORFs were not involved in the enhanced surface positive charge or the altered expression of /.
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