Nurses and undergraduate student nurses' experiences in collaborative clinical placement programs in acute hospitals: An integrative literature review.

Objectives: To identify, and critically review student, nurse clinician and clinical facilitator/educator experiences of collaborative clinical placement models in acute hospitals.

Design: An integrative review that followed Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) framework.

Data Sources: Studies published between 2009 and 2019 were identified via a comprehensive search of the following databases: CINAHL, OVID Medline, EMBASE, EMCARE, PsychINFO, Johanna Briggs Institute, ERIC and SCOPUS.

Review Methods: The initial search located 2309 Articles. After screening and checking for eligibility 14 articles were critically appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist for qualitative papers, the McMaster's Critical Review Form for quantitative papers and MMAT Appraisal tool for mixed method papers. The papers were then analysed thematically.

Results: Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria for the review (four quantitative, six mixed method, three qualitative). We identified an overarching central theme of sense of belonging and acceptance along with the following four sub themes: familiarity and continuity, confidence and competence, preparedness and lastly supervising relationships and faculty support.

Conclusion: This review indicates collaborative clinical placement programs have a positive impact on the student experience. Further research is needed regarding experiences of clinical nurses, health organisation leaders and Faculty to better understand what will improve support of students in collaborative clinical placement programs as there were few research findings found related to these non-student participant groups. Exploring student placement experiences that include both traditional and Collaborative models would provide greater insight into the value of these programs.