The alternative sigma (σ) factor E, RpoE or HrpL, has been reported to be involved in stress- and pathogenicity-related transcription initiation in and many other Gram-negative bacteria, including spp. and spp. A previous study identified the / transcript as one of the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during early infection in papaya and those data serve as the basis of the current project. Here, the full coding DNA sequence (CDS) of from ( was determined to be 549 bp long, and it encoded a 21.3 kDa HrpL protein that possessed two highly conserved sigma-70 (σ) motifs-σR2 and σR4. Nucleotide sequence alignment revealed the from shared high sequence similarity to / from (83%), (81%), and (80%). Phylogenetics analysis indicated from to be monophyletic with s/s from , , and . Structural analysis postulated that the 's alternative σ factor was non-transmembranic and was an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) protein-characteristics shared by other σ factors in different bacterial species. Notably, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) study through molecular docking suggested the σ factor could be possibly inhibited by an anti-σ. Finally, a knockout of in (Δ) resulted in avirulence in four-month-old papaya plants. These findings have revealed that the is a necessary element in pathogenicity and also predicted that the gene can be inhibited by an anti-σ.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7600996 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9100323 | DOI Listing |
J Chem Phys
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.
One key challenge in the study of nonadiabatic dynamics in open quantum systems is to balance computational efficiency and accuracy. Although Ehrenfest dynamics (ED) is computationally efficient and well-suited for large complex systems, ED often yields inaccurate results. To address these limitations, we improve the accuracy of the traditional ED by adding a random force (E + σ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Sci (Basel)
January 2025
Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sucre, Sincelejo 700001, Sucre, Colombia.
Background/objectives: is a clinically significant opportunistic pathogen, renowned for its ability to acquire and develop diverse mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. This study examines the resistance, virulence, and regulatory mechanisms in extensively drug-resistant clinical strains of .
Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on the Illumina NovaSeq platform.
Chemistry
January 2025
Centre CEA Paris-Saclay: Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives Centre de Saclay, IRAMIS Institute, CEA - Saclay, 91190, Gif-Sur-Yvette, FRANCE.
The Schwartz's reagent Cp2Zr(H)Cl is a well known stoichiometric reagent for the reduction of unsaturated organic molecules but it has rarely been used in catalytic transformations. Herein, we describe the reduction of a variety of organic carbonates using the catalyst Cp2Zr(H)Cl in combination with Me(MeO)2SiH (DMMS) as reductant. This method was further applied to the reductive depolymerization of some polycarbonate materials and yielded silylated alcohols and diols in mild conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring growth, differentiates into subpopulations of motile individuals and non-motile chains, associated with dispersal and biofilm formation respectively. The two cell types are dictated by the activity of the alternative sigma factor SigD encoded as the penultimate gene of the 27 kb long flagellar operon. The frequency of SigD-ON motile cells is increased by the heteromeric transcription factor SwrA•DegU that activates the promoter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
January 2025
Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineer., via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, ITALY.
Molecular recognition mediated by s-hole interactions is enhanced as the electrostatic potential at the σ-hole becomes increasingly positive. Traditional methods to strengthen σ-hole donor ability of atoms such as halogens often involve covalent modifications, such as, introducing electron-withdrawing substituents (neutral or positively charged) or electrochemical oxidation. Metal coordination, a relatively underexplored approach, offers a promising alternative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!