Uncrewed aerial vehicles can reduce the cost of preventative measures against vector-borne diseases.
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Incidence of Scrub Typhus in Rural South India.
N Engl J Med
March 2025
Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London.
Background: Hospital studies suggest that scrub typhus is a leading cause of severe undifferentiated fever in regions across Asia where the disease is endemic, but the population-based incidence of infection and illness has been little studied.
Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study to assess epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of scrub typhus in 37 villages in Tamil Nadu, India, where the disease is highly endemic. Study participants were visited every 6 to 8 weeks over a period of 2 years; a venous blood sample was obtained from those who had had fever since the last visit.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell sensing of African swine fever virus-infected macrophages results in STING-dependent robust interferon-α production.
J Immunol
January 2025
Institute of Virology and Immunology, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.
While several African swine fever virus (ASFV)-encoded proteins potently interfere with the cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthetase-stimulator of interferon genes) pathway at different levels to suppress interferon (IFN) type I production in infected macrophages, systemic IFN-α is induced during the early stages of AFSV infection in pigs. The present study elucidates a mechanism by which such responses can be triggered, at least in vitro. We demonstrate that infection of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) by ASFV genotype 2 strains is highly efficient but immunologically silent with respect to IFN type I, IFN-stimulated gene induction, and tumor necrosis factor production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of long lasting insecticidal nets in experimental huts and WHO PQT/VCP compliance: A systematic review.
PLoS One
March 2025
ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Medical Complex, Indira Nagar, Puducherry, India.
Malaria control in highly endemic regions relies heavily on vector control tools, particularly LLINs. The effectiveness of LLINs varies by eco-epidemiological conditions and brands. A comprehensive review of WHO interim-approved LLIN brands is necessary to address this variability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat is the value of testing for tick-borne diseases in cattle in endemic areas? A case study of bovine anaplasmosis.
PLoS One
March 2025
Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease (TBDs) caused by Anaplasma spp. In areas where TBDs are endemic, it is crucial to consider the animals' immunological status in relation to these diseases. The true prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis, the percentage of animals with protective antibodies against this TBD, and the diagnostic characteristics of three tests (multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR), competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA), and blood smear (BS)) were estimated using a Bayesian approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing the global dengue burden: Incidence, mortality, and disability trends over three decades.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
March 2025
Department of Pathogen Biology, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, The Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Background: Dengue, the fastest-spreading vector-borne disease (VBD), significantly burdens global health systems. This study analyzed the trends in the global burden of dengue from 1990 to 2021, utilizing data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 (GBD 2021).
Methodology/principal Findings: We retrieved data from GBD 2021 regarding dengue, including the number of incidences and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), the number of deaths and age-standardized death rate (ASDR), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALYs.
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