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Lessons Learned and Future Perspectives for Rotavirus Vaccines Switch in the World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa.
Vaccines (Basel)
April 2023
Regional Office for Africa, World Health Organization (WHO), Brazzaville P.O. Box 06, Congo.
Background: Following the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation, 38/47 countries have introduced rotavirus vaccines into the program of immunization in the WHO Regional Office for Africa (WHO/AFRO). Initially, two vaccines (Rotarix and Rotateq) were recommended and recently two additional vaccines (Rotavac and Rotasiil) have become available. However, the global supply challenges have increasingly forced some countries in Africa to switch vaccine products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Rotavirus Vaccine Story: From Discovery to the Eventual Control of Rotavirus Disease.
J Infect Dis
September 2021
Viral Gastroenteritis Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Worldwide, rotavirus is the leading pathogen causing severe diarrhea in children and a major cause of under 5 years mortality. In 1998, the first rotavirus vaccine, RotaShield, was licensed in the United States but a rare adverse event, intussusception, led to its withdrawal. Seven years passed before the next generation of vaccines became available, Rotarix (GSK) and Rotateq (Merck), and 11 years later, 2 additional vaccines from India, Rotavac (Bharat) and Rotasiil (Serum Institute), were recommended by World Health Organization for all children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngagement of ethics and regulatory authorities on human infection studies: Proceedings of an engagement workshop in Zambia.
Wellcome Open Res
September 2021
Research Department, The centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, 10101, Zambia.
Human infection studies (HIS) have generally been used as a tool in the pathway for vaccine development in high income settings. Over the last decade, this model has been implemented in LMICs with the aim of accelerating development of next generation vaccines that would perform better in these settings. However, in most LMICs, the ethics and regulatory framework for the conduct of these studies are not in place.
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