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Recreational Drug Overdose-Clinical Value of Toxicological Analysis.

Toxics

September 2024

Division of Clinical Toxicology, Poison Centre Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • A study analyzed 872 patients admitted for acute recreational drug poisoning between 2014 and 2022 to evaluate discrepancies between their self-reported drug use and toxicological tests.
  • The results showed that patients typically underreported the number of substances ingested, with benzodiazepines, Pregabalin, and THC being the most commonly missed drugs, while opiates and opioids were linked to severe outcomes, including cardiopulmonary failure and death.
  • The findings suggest that improvements in understanding clinical management and substance use patterns are needed, as legislation changes have influenced detection rates of certain drugs over time.
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Article Synopsis
  • * A literature review from 2013 to 2024 revealed 109 cases where users experienced psychiatric issues primarily linked to synthetic cannabinoids and other NPS categories, highlighting a need for more research on their effects.
  • * The current lack of diagnostic criteria and toxicology tests complicates the accurate diagnosis of NPS-related psychiatric disorders, underscoring the need for improved screening and follow-up care in medical settings.
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Acute psychotic and vitamin B12 deficiency in patient with nitrous oxide misuse: A case report.

SAGE Open Med Case Rep

August 2024

Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Mohammed VI-Oujda, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.

Nitrous oxide, also called nitrous monoxide, or nitrous oxide, is a colorless and odorless gas, without toxicological effect, but it can be asphyxiating at high concentration, its misuse is increasing especially among young people. Chronic use of NO may cause psychiatric complications, including depression, hypomania, and paranoid psychosis with visual and auditory hallucinations. We present a case of nitrous oxide abuse "laughing gas" in 25 years old woman with bizarre behavior delusions and hallucinations with a normal neurological examination.

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Background And Aim: This case involves a 20-year-old man with prior hallucinogen-use experience, who sniffed an unknown amount of dipropyltryptamine in an apartment. Dipropyltryptamine, a hallucinogenic compound belonging to the tryptamine class is recognized for inducing effects similar to dimethyltryptamine (DMT) but with a longer duration. Ten to fifteen minutes later he experienced visual hallucinations, followed by increasing apathy.

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Two Cases of Dextromethorphan Overdose Reversed by Naloxone.

Cureus

February 2023

Emergency Medicine, Dr. Dnyandeo Yashwantrao (D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pune, IND.

We present two rare cases highlighting the rare toxicological manifestation of dextromethorphan (DXM). The DXM toxicity profile is predominantly hallucinations, agitation, irritability with seizures, and coma in severe overdose. The cases that follow are unique in the sense that both patients had features of opioid toxidrome, rarely manifested in DXM abuse.

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