The genomes of all organisms are read throughout their growth and development, generating new copies during cell division and encoding the cellular activities dictated by the genome's content. However, genomes are not invariant information stores but are purposefully altered in minor and major ways, adapting cellular behaviour and driving evolution. Kinetoplastids are eukaryotic microbes that display a wide range of such read-write genome activities, in many cases affecting critical aspects of their biology, such as host adaptation. Here we discuss the range of read-write genome changes found in two well-studied kinetoplastid parasites, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania, focusing on recent work that suggests such adaptive genome variation is linked to novel strategies the parasites use to replicate their unconventional genomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2020.09.002 | DOI Listing |
J Chem Inf Model
September 2024
Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
The design of small molecules is crucial for technological applications ranging from drug discovery to energy storage. Due to the vast design space available to modern synthetic chemistry, the community has increasingly sought to use data-driven and machine learning approaches to navigate this space. Although generative machine learning methods have recently shown potential for computational molecular design, their use is hindered by complex training procedures, and they often fail to generate valid and unique molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs a promising technology to realize multilevel, non-volatile data storage and information processing, optical phase change technologies have attracted extensive attention in recent years. However, existing phase-change photonic devices face significant challenges such as limited switching contrast and high switching energy. This study introduces an innovative approach to tackle these issues by leveraging Fabry-Perot (F-P) cavity resonance and plasmon resonance techniques to enhance the modulation effect of phase change materials (PCMs) on the light.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
March 2024
Department of Electronics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.
The rapid advancement in AI requires efficient accelerators for training on edge devices, which often face challenges related to the high hardware costs of floating-point arithmetic operations. To tackle these problems, efficient floating-point formats inspired by block floating-point (BFP), such as Microsoft Floating Point (MSFP) and FlexBlock (FB), are emerging. However, they have limited dynamic range and precision for the smaller magnitude values within a block due to the shared exponent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCogn Process
May 2024
College of Engineering, Computing and Cybernetics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
One objective of neuroscience is to understand a wide range of specific cognitive processes in terms of neuron activity. The huge amount of observational data about the brain makes achieving this objective challenging. Different models on different levels of detail provide some insight, but the relationship between models on different levels is not clear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
April 2021
Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
Single crystals that behave as optical switches are desirable for a wide range of applications, from optical sensors to read-write memory media. A series of ruthenium-based complexes that exhibit optical switching in their single-crystal form SO linkage photoisomerisation are of prospective interest for these technologies. This study explores the optical switching behaviour in one such complex, -[Ru(SO)(NH)(HO)]tosylate (1), in terms of its dark and photoinduced crystal structure, as well as its light and thermal decay characteristics, which are deduced by photocrystallography, single-crystal optical absorption spectroscopy and microscopy.
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