Background: Girls with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and women with PCOS have altered gut microbiota.
Objective: To study the gut microbiota composition of girls with PCOS without obesity (age, 15.8 years; body mass index [BMI] 25 kg/m ) and the effects of randomized treatments with an oral contraceptive (OC, N = 15) or with spironolactone-pioglitazone-metformin (SPIOMET, N = 15) for 1 year. Thirty-one age-matched girls served as controls.
Methods: 16S ribosomal subunit gene amplicon sequencing was performed in stool samples from all subjects; samples from 23 out of 30 girls with PCOS (OC, N = 12; SPIOMET, N = 11) were available for analysis post-treatment. Clinical and endocrine-metabolic variables were measured before and after intervention.
Results: Girls with PCOS had decreased diversity alpha, altered microbiota pattern and taxonomic profile with more abundance of Family XI (P = .002), and less abundance of family Prevotellaceae (P = .0006) the genus Prevotella (P = .0001) and Senegalimassilia (P < .0001), as compared to controls. Family XI abundance related positively to hepato-visceral fat (R = 0.453; P = .0003). SPIOMET treatment, but not OC, normalized the abundance of Family XI. Prevotellaceae, Prevotella and Senegalimassilia abundance remained unchanged after either treatment.
Conclusion: SPIOMET's spectrum of normalizing effects in girls with PCOS is herewith broadened as to include Family XI abundance in gut microbiota.
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