In this paper, an improved spotted hyena optimizer (ISHO) with a nonlinear convergence factor is proposed for proportional integral derivative (PID) parameter optimization in an automatic voltage regulator (AVR). In the proposed ISHO, an opposition-based learning strategy is used to initialize the spotted hyena individual's position in the search space, which strengthens the diversity of individuals in the global searching process. A novel nonlinear update equation for the convergence factor is used to enhance the SHO's exploration and exploitation abilities. The experimental results show that the proposed ISHO algorithm performed better than other algorithms in terms of the solution precision and convergence rate.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2020211 | DOI Listing |
MethodsX
December 2024
Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0028 Hatfield, South Africa.
Monitoring stress-related faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) concentrations is a reliable, popular and established approach for understanding wildlife responses to perceived stressors. To maintain fGCM integrity post-defaecation, faecal material must be promptly stored frozen, or dried to prevent continued suspected bacterial enzyme activity. We compare the effectiveness of freeze-drying with other field-friendly drying techniques (food dehydrator and homemade solar oven).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Ecol Evol
December 2024
Department of Biology, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Background: The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) is one of the carnivore species that frequently comes into conflict with humans. These conflicts are attributed to their scavenging foraging behaviour and their ability to occupy habitats close to human settlements. In Tanzania, the Geita region has recently experienced an increase in livestock and human attacks by hyenas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
November 2024
Missouri Institute for Defense and Energy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA.
PeerJ
November 2024
Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
The mammalian adult dentition is a non-renewable resource. Tooth attrition and disease must be accommodated by individuals using behavioral, physiological, and/or musculoskeletal shifts to minimize impact on masticatory performance. From a biomechanical perspective, the musculoskeletal system becomes less efficient at producing bite force for a given amount of muscle input force over an individual's life, because tooth-food contact area increases as cusps wear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcol Evol
November 2024
WWF-US Washington DC USA.
Information on long-range dispersal in tropical carnivores is limited compared to their temperate counterparts. Here we present data on long-range, transboundary dispersals for three species of tropical carnivores: African wild dog (), African lion (), and spotted hyena (). The dispersals we document in our savannah system are among the longest that have been recorded for African wild dog and African lion, while for spotted hyena one of our recorded dispersal events is of similar magnitude to the longest documented movements occurring among any carnivore species from around the world.
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