AI Article Synopsis
- Cognitive flexibility refers to the ability to adapt behavior based on environmental changes, but its definition varies and its relationship with other types of flexibility has not been thoroughly studied.
- A study compared three types of flexibility—cognitive, affective, and feedback-based—using similar experimental setups with 100 participants.
- Results showed that cognitive and affective flexibility were linked through response times, while feedback-based flexibility was associated only with affective flexibility; however, overall findings suggest the need for clearer distinctions among these types of psychological flexibility.
Article Abstract
Cognitive flexibility - the ability to adjust one ´s behavior to changing environmental demands - is crucial for controlled behavior. However, the term 'cognitive flexibility' is used heterogeneously, and associations between cognitive flexibility and other facets of flexible behavior have only rarely been studied systematically. To resolve some of these conceptual uncertainties, we directly compared cognitive flexibility (cue-instructed switching between two affectively neutral tasks), affective flexibility (switching between a neutral and an affective task using emotional stimuli), and feedback-based flexibility (non-cued, feedback-dependent switching between two neutral tasks). Three experimental paradigms were established that share as many procedural features (in terms of stimuli and/or task rules) as possible and administered in a pre-registered study plan (N = 100). Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between the efficiency of cognitive and affective task switching (response time switch costs). Feedback-based flexibility (measured as mean number of errors after rule reversals) did not correlate with task switching efficiency in the other paradigms, but selectively with the effectiveness of affective switching (error rate costs when switching from neutral to emotion task). While preregistered confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided no clear evidence for a shared factor underlying the efficiency of switching in all three domains of flexibility, an exploratory CFA suggested commonalities regarding switching effectiveness (accuracy-based switch costs). We propose shared mechanisms controlling the of cue-dependent task switching across domains, while the relationship to feedback-based flexibility may depend on mechanisms controlling switching . Our results call for a more stringent conceptual differentiation between different variants of psychological flexibility.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7500224 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/joc.120 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Steps to Avoid Falls in the Elderly - a TECHnology Enhanced Intervention (SAFE-TECH) study: randomized controlled trial protocol for a community-based, multi-component fall prevention program.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Programme in Health Services and Systems Research (HSSR), Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
Background: Falls and fall-related injuries among older adults in Singapore are a serious health problem that require early intervention. In previous research, exercise interventions have been effective in improving functional outcomes and reducing falls for a broad group of older adults. However, results from multi-domain, multi-component falls prevention programs for high fall risk older adults in the community remain equivocal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBridging the gap: a qualitative process evaluation from the perspectives of healthcare professionals of an audit-and-feedback-based intervention to improve transition to adult care for young people living with type 1 diabetes.
BMC Health Serv Res
October 2024
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: The transition from pediatric to adult care is a vulnerable time for young people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Bridging the Gap (BTG) is an audit-and-feedback (AF) intervention aimed at improving both transitions-in-care processes and diabetes management in the year following transition. As part of BTG, we conducted a qualitative process evaluation to understand: (a) what was implemented and how; and (b) the contextual factors (micro-, meso- and macro-) that affected implementation, outcomes and study processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-symbolic estimation of big and small ratios with accurate and noisy feedback.
Atten Percept Psychophys
August 2024
School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
The ratio of two magnitudes can take one of two values depending on the order they are operated on: a 'big' ratio of the larger to smaller magnitude, or a 'small' ratio of the smaller to larger. Although big and small ratio scales have different metric properties and carry divergent predictions for perceptual comparison tasks, no psychophysical studies have directly compared them. Two experiments are reported in which subjects implicitly learned to compare pairs of brightnesses and line lengths by non-symbolic feedback based on the scaled big ratio, small ratio or difference of the magnitudes presented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUtilizing the Ex-Vivo Bovine Model in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery Training.
Urology
September 2024
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Division of Pediatric Urology, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
Objective: To present an ex-vivo bovine model for retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) training.
Materials And Methods: The model was specifically developed for a pre-congress course organized as part of the National Pediatric Urology Congress. The course involved a 2-day online theoretical segment followed by hands-on training.
A chip-scale chaotic laser system with optoelectronic delayed feedback is proposed and analyzed by numerical simulation. This chip eliminates the need for bulky delay components such as long optical fibers, free propagation and external cavities, relying solely on internal devices and waveguides to achieve feedback delay. This approach simplifies integration, maintaining a compact chip size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!