Environ Int
Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Published: December 2020
Amazonian rainforest is undergoing increasing rates of deforestation, driven primarily by cattle pasture expansion. Forest-to-pasture conversion has been associated with increases in soil methane (CH) emission. To better understand the drivers of this change, we measured soil CH flux, environmental conditions, and belowground microbial community structure across primary forests, cattle pastures, and secondary forests in two Amazonian regions. We show that pasture soils emit high levels of CH (mean: 3454.6 ± 9482.3 μg CH m d), consistent with previous reports, while forest soils on average emit CH at modest rates (mean: 9.8 ± 120.5 μg CH m d), but often act as CH sinks. We report that secondary forest soils tend to consume CH (mean: -10.2 ± 35.7 μg CH m d), demonstrating that pasture CH emissions can be reversed. We apply a novel computational approach to identify microbial community attributes associated with flux independent of soil chemistry. While this revealed taxa known to produce or consume CH directly (i.e. methanogens and methanotrophs, respectively), the vast majority of identified taxa are not known to cycle CH. Each land use type had a unique subset of taxa associated with CH flux, suggesting that land use change alters CH cycling through shifts in microbial community composition. Taken together, we show that microbial composition is crucial for understanding the observed CH dynamics and that microorganisms provide explanatory power that cannot be captured by environmental variables.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106131 | DOI Listing |
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