Executive functions and social cognition competences are associated with many important areas of life, such as school readiness, academic success or sociability. Numerous intervention programs aiming to improve these capacities have emerged and have been shown to be effective. As inhibition in particular, is closely related with social cognition competences, we developed a training program that targets both abilities and implemented it in kindergarten and lower primary school classes for 6 months. We evaluated its effectiveness at improving inhibition and social cognition as well as its possible impact on academic performance. The results showed that tackling inhibition and social cognition in the classroom at an early age improved inhibition, visual attention and flexibility as well as Theory of Mind and social information processing skills. However, the impact on academic learning was weak; a slight effect on a mathematical task was observed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01974 | DOI Listing |
Psychol Res
December 2024
Brain and Cognition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Researchers in numerical cognition have extensively studied the number sense-the innate human ability to extract numerical information from the environment quickly and effortlessly. Much of this research, however, uses abstract stimuli (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, 25913, Republic of Korea.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurologic disorder considered to cause discrepancies in physical activities, social skills, and cognition. There is no specific medicine for treating this disorder; early intervention is critical to improving brain function. Additionally, the lack of a clinical test for detecting ASD makes diagnosis challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Aging
December 2024
Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
Structural inequality, the uneven distribution of resources and opportunities, influences health outcomes. However, the biological embedding of structural inequality in aging and dementia, especially among underrepresented populations, is unclear. We examined the association between structural inequality (country-level and state-level Gini indices) and brain volume and connectivity in 2,135 healthy controls, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobe degeneration from Latin America and the United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Past research has demonstrated the association between social engagement and the maintenance of cognitive abilities. However, inconsistent definitions of social engagement have posed challenges to systematically investigate this association. This paper addresses the role of social relationships in cognitive functioning among older adults, focusing on the real-life communication indicator-length of own speech-as a measure of social activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
School of Business, Social and Decision Sciences, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, Bremen, 28759, Germany.
Physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) are crucial factors jointly affecting young adults' physical and mental health. However, the psychosocial interactive mechanisms of these behaviors remain understudied. Using a two-wave prospective design over two months, this study investigated the psychological mechanisms underlying multiple health behavior change (MHBC) through a novel two-layer social-cognitive framework, the Compensatory Carry-Over Action Model (CCAM), among 322 Chinese college students (19.
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