A randomised crossover trial of closed loop automated oxygen control in preterm, ventilated infants.

Aim: To determine whether closed loop automated oxygen control resulted in a reduction in the duration and severity of desaturation episodes and the number of blood gases and chest radiographs in preterm, ventilated infants.

Methods: Infants were studied on two consecutive days for 12 hours on each day. They were randomised to receive standard care (standard period) or standard care with a closed loop automated oxygen control system (automated oxygen control period) first.

Results: Twenty-four infants with a median gestational age of 25.7 (range 23.1-32.6) weeks were studied at a median postconceptional age of 27.4 (range 24.3-34.9) weeks. During the automated oxygen control period, there were fewer desaturations that lasted >30 seconds (P = .032) or >60 seconds (P = .002), infants spent a higher proportion of the time within their target SpO range during the automated oxygen control period (P < .001), and fewer manual adjustments were made to the inspired oxygen concentration (mean 0.58 vs mean 11.29) (P < .001). There were no significant differences in the number of blood gases (P = .872) or chest radiographs (P = .366) between the two periods.

Conclusion: Closed loop automated oxygen delivery resulted in fewer prolonged desaturations with more time spent in the targeted oxygen range.