This study focused on using pH as a single indicator to evaluate/control the performance of the nitritation system under the influence of three major operational parameters, and a total of fifteen batch tests were conducted. Results indicated that there were important interactions among different operational parameters and pH in the nitritation system; it was possible to propose the optimal nitritation operation scheme to compensate for negative changes in operational parameters. The optimal carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio was kept at 2.0 to ensure efficient removal of ammonium. The reaction time was the lowest (150 min) with the temperature = 20 °C, C/N = 0, and sludge/water ratio = 1:1. However, the C/N ratio could be adjusted to close to zero by reducing the temperature to about 10 °C, weakening the heterotrophic bacteria, and supplying sufficient biomass. The C/N ratio and sludge/water ratio could also be set at 4.0 and 1:3 respectively to deal with the impact of low temperature and organic matter. Results of this study might be useful to explain the optimal conditions and process control schemes with pH as a single indicator.
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