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Background: Malnutrition remains a significant public health issue in Kenya. Multisectoral Nutrition Governance (MNG) is increasingly being acknowledged as a catalyst for enhancing nutrition programming and outcomes. Effective MNG establishes policies, systems, and mechanisms that enable coordinated, adequately funded, and sustainable nutrition actions across sectors; however, its understanding and progress assessment remain inadequate.

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Artificial intelligence technology has demonstrated remarkable diagnostic efficacy in modern biomedical image analysis. However, the practical application of artificial intelligence is significantly limited by the presence of similar pathologies among different diseases and the diversity of pathologies within the same disease. To address this issue, this paper proposes a reinforced collaborative-competitive representation classification (RCCRC) method.

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Motivation: Fine-mapping aims to prioritize causal variants underlying complex traits by accounting for the linkage disequilibrium of GWAS risk locus. The expanding resources of functional annotations serve as auxiliary evidence to improve the power of fine-mapping. However, existing fine-mapping methods tend to generate many false positive results when integrating a large number of annotations.

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The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test for Undergraduate (NEET-UG) in India serves as a unified admission examination for undergraduate medical courses, aiming to standardize assessment across diverse educational backgrounds. Despite its goals, NEET-UG has faced criticism over fairness, excessive reliance on coaching, and its impact on students' holistic development. The article reviews the limitations of the current NEET-UG format and proposes reforms, emphasizing the need to align the syllabus more closely with medical requirements by reducing physics and chemistry content and prioritizing biology.

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Unified description of thermal and nonthermal laser-induced ultrafast structural changes in materials.

Sci Rep

December 2024

Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132, Kassel, Germany.

The ultrafast ionic dynamics in solids induced by intense femtosecond laser excitation are controlled by two fundamentally different yet interrelated phenomena. First, the substantial generation of hot electron-hole pairs by the laser pulse modifies the interatomic bonding strength and characteristics, inducing nonthermal ionic motion. Second, incoherent electron-ion collisions facilitate thermal equilibration between electrons and ions, achieving a uniform temperature on a picosecond timescale.

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